For the national origin group of Eritrea, see Eritreans.
Demographics of Eritrea
Population
Estimates range between 3.6 million and 6.7 million[1][2] Eritrea has never conducted an official government census.[3]
Growth rate
1.03% (2022 est.)
Birth rate
27.04 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate
6.69 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy
66.85 years
• male
64.25 years
• female
69.53 years (2022 est.)
Fertility rate
3.58 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate
41.5 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate
-10.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years
38.23%
65 and over
4%
Sex ratio
Total
0.97 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth
1.03 male(s)/female
Under 15
1.01 male(s)/female
65 and over
0.67 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality
Eritrean
Major ethnic
Tigrinya, Tigre
Minor ethnic
Saho, Bilen, Beja, Kunama, Nara, Afar
Language
Spoken
Languages of Eritrea
Sources disagree as to the current population of Eritrea, with some proposing numbers as low as 3.6 million[1] and others as high as 6.7 million.[2] Eritrea has never conducted an official government census.[3]
Population, fertility rate and net reproduction rate, United Nations estimates
The nation has nine recognized ethnic groups. Of these, the largest is the Tigriniya, who make up around 50% of the population; the Tigre people, who also speak a Ethiosemitic language, constitute around 30% of residents.[4] Most of the rest of the population belong to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking communities of the Cushitic branch. Additionally, there are a number of Nilo-Saharan-speaking ethnic minorities and other smaller groups.[5]
The two most followed religions are Christianity (47%-63% of the total population) and Islam (37%-52%).[6][7][4]
^ abCite error: The named reference UNDESA_WPP_2019_total_population was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference COMESA_ERpop_2019 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference PHS2010_full was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ ab"Eritrea". CIA World Factbook. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
^Minahan, James (1998). Miniature empires: a historical dictionary of the newly independent states. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 76. ISBN 0-313-30610-9. The majority of the Eritreans speak Semitic or Cushitic languages of the Afro-Asiatic language group. The Kunama, Baria, and other smaller groups in the north and northwest speak Nilotic languages.
^"Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050". Pew Research Center's Religion & Public Life Project. 2015-04-02. Archived from the original on 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2021-05-12.
^"Eritrea". United States Department of State. Retrieved 2022-10-19.
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