This article is about fertility in humans. For fertility of other organisms, see fecundity. For fertility of plants and soil, see Soil fertility.
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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: due to unclear definitions for fertility, fecundity and derivative terms depending on whether the term is being used in demography, epidemiology or clinical medicine. For example fertility in demography is the actual production of live births by a female, while in clinical medicine it refers to the potential for a woman to become pregnant. Please help improve this article if you can.(March 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
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Fertility is the ability to conceive a child. The fertility rate is the average number of children born during an individual's lifetime and is quantified demographically. Conversely, infertility is the difficulty or inability to reproduce naturally. In general, infertility is defined as not being able to conceive a child after one year (or longer) of unprotected sex.[1] Because infertility is widespread, fertility specialists all over the world assist persons and couples who experience difficulties conceiving a baby.
Fertility is an issue for people of both sexes. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in 35% of couples who cannot conceive, the cause can be attributed to factors on both the female and male side.[1] Human fertility depends on various factors including nutrition, sexual behaviour, consanguinity, culture, instinct, endocrinology, timing of conception, economics, personality,[2] lifestyle, and emotions.
Fertility differs from fecundity, which is defined as the biological capacity to reproduce irrespective of intention for conception.[3] Fecundity can be explained by gamete production, fertilization, and carrying a pregnancy to term.[4] The antithesis of fertility is infertility, while the antithesis of fecundity is sterility.
^Skirbekk V, Blekesaune M (2014) [2014]. "Personality Traits Increasingly Important for Male Fertility: Evidence from Norway". European Journal of Personality. 28 (6): 521–529. doi:10.1002/per.1936. ISSN 0890-2070. S2CID 143134400.
^Smarr MM, Sapra KJ, Gemmill A, Kahn LG, Wise LA, Lynch CD, et al. (March 2017). "Is human fecundity changing? A discussion of research and data gaps precluding us from having an answer". Human Reproduction. 32 (3): 499–504. doi:10.1093/humrep/dew361. PMC 5850610. PMID 28137753.
^Schultz PT (June 1976). "Fertility Determinants: A Theory, Evidence, and an Application to Policy Evaluation". Population and Development Review. 2 (2): 293. doi:10.2307/1972043. JSTOR 1972043.
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This is a list of all sovereign states and dependencies by total fertility rate (TFR): the expected number of children born per woman in her child-bearing...
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experience a period of fertility before and during ovulation, and are infertile for the rest of the menstrual cycle. Fertility awareness methods are used...
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Her genetic genealogy research ultimately revealed Cline, her mother's fertility doctor, as her biological father. Cline is now known to have covertly...
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Fertility clinics are medical clinics that assist couples, and sometimes individuals, who want to become parents but for medical reasons have been unable...
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Fertility tourism (also referred to as reproductive tourism or cross border reproductive care) is the practice of traveling to another country or jurisdiction...
Fertility fraud is the failure on the part of a fertility doctor to obtain consent from a patient before inseminating her with his own sperm. This normally...
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