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Tone sandhi information


Tone sandhi is a phonological change that occurs in tonal languages. It involves changes to the tones assigned to individual words or morphemes, based on the pronunciation of adjacent words or morphemes. This change typically simplifies a bidirectional tone into a one-directional tone. Tone sandhi is a type of sandhi, which refers to fusional changes, and is derived from the Sanskrit word for "joining."

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Tone sandhi

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transcription delimiters. Tone sandhi is a phonological change that occurs in tonal languages. It involves changes to the tones assigned to individual words...

Word Count : 2329

Sandhi

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English show linking and intrusive R. A subset of sandhi called tone sandhi more specifically refers to tone changes between words and syllables. This is a...

Word Count : 1534

Standard Chinese phonology

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this tone change is ambiguous, and some authors consider it a tone sandhi akin to the third tone sandhi. Yuen Ren Chao considered the changed tone 2 to...

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Taiwanese Hokkien

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normal tone sandhi rules above): If the original tone number is 5, pronounce it as tone number 5. If the original tone number is 7, pronounce it as tone number...

Word Count : 10166

Northern Wu phonology

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vowels, even compared to some Germanic languages, and highly complex tone sandhi. This article will use Wugniu and IPA for transcription. Much like other...

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Matsu dialect

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extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules. The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are...

Word Count : 841

Shanghainese

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Shanghainese also has a low number of tones compared to other languages in Southern China and has a system of tone sandhi similar to Japanese pitch accent...

Word Count : 6984

Suzhou dialect

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literary and colloquial readings. The tone sandhi present in Suzhou dialect introduces 4 completely new tones. ˧ (33), ˨˩ (21), ˨˩˨ (212), and ˨ʔ (2)...

Word Count : 1552

Fuzhou dialect

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the sandhi rules for the "Yin" register; and the sandhi tone Ĭng-ĭk-gák 陰入乙 ˨˦, which comes from the historical "Yin" register, follow the sandhi rules...

Word Count : 5199

Quanzhou dialects

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(22) tones do not undergo tone sandhi. The yang level and entering tones (24) are pronounced as the yang rising tone (22). The yin rising tone (554)...

Word Count : 1194

Zhangzhou dialects

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syllable of nouns and clause endings remain unchanged by tone sandhi. The two-syllable tone sandhi rules are shown in the table below: Min is believed to...

Word Count : 1063

Putian dialect

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tonal sandhi rules are shown in the table below (the rows give the first syllable's original citation tone, while the columns give the citation tone of the...

Word Count : 275

Meixian dialect

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when sandhi occurs. Similarly, the qu tone changes from ˥˧ (53) to ˦ (55) under sandhi. These are shown in red in the following table. The neutral tone occurs...

Word Count : 712

Swatow dialect

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Shantou dialect has 18 initials, 61 rimes and 8 tones. Shantou dialect has extremely extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable...

Word Count : 351

Penang Hokkien

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undergo tone sandhi as described above. Double hyphens (--) are used in instances where the preceding syllable does not undergo tone sandhi. Tone marks...

Word Count : 3203

Amoy dialect

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6 has been lost among most speakers. Amoy has extremely extensive tone sandhi (tone-changing) rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced...

Word Count : 2607

Wenzhounese

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may occur together, but the number of resulting tones is reduced by tone sandhi. Of the six phonetic tones, there are only fourteen lexical patterns created...

Word Count : 2207

Tone letter

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respectively) Reversed Chao tone letters indicate tone sandhi, with the right-stem letters on the left for the underlying tone, and left-stem ('reversed')...

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Pinyin

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Hanping, and Pleco are taken from Laowai's blog Tone Colors and What Pleco Did with Them. Tone sandhi is not ordinarily reflected in pinyin spelling....

Word Count : 6283

Fuqing dialect

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light departing (陽去 Iòng-ké̤ṳ) tone is a mid falling tone, whose fall in pitch is not as dramatic. In tone sandhi, a new tone contour, one that rises (˧˥...

Word Count : 3972

Longyan dialect

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extensive tone sandhi rules: in an utterance, only the last syllable pronounced is not affected by the rules. The two-syllable tonal sandhi rules are...

Word Count : 711

Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh

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bu, respectively, regardless of the tone in which they are pronounced. In other words changes due to tone sandhi are not reflected in GR. See Chao(1948):19-24...

Word Count : 2605

Checked tone

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entering tones: Upper (dark, 陰入), also numbered tone 4 Lower (light, 陽入), tone 8 A word may switch from one tone to the other by tone sandhi. Words with...

Word Count : 3121

Jin Chinese

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employs extremely complex tone sandhi, or tone changes that occur when words are put together into phrases. The tone sandhi of Jin is notable in two ways...

Word Count : 1921

Varieties of Chinese

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consonants. All have phonemic tones, with northern varieties tending to have fewer distinctions than southern ones. Many have tone sandhi, with the most complex...

Word Count : 9086

Teochew Min

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still not large, all three light tones after sandhi may be described as identical and equal to pre-sandhi tone ⑦. The sandhi rules for Northern Teochew may...

Word Count : 5576

Taishanese

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levels for Taishanese tones. The changed tone can change the meaning of a word, and this distinguishes the changed tones from tone sandhi, which does not change...

Word Count : 2762

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