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This is a subseries on philosophy. In order to explore related topics, please visit navigation.
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God the Father depicted by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld in 1860
Theism is broadly defined as the belief in the existence of at least one deity.[1][2] In common parlance, or when contrasted with deism, the term often describes the philosophical conception of God that is found in classical theism—or conception found in monotheism—or gods found in polytheistic religions—or a belief in God or gods without the rejection of revelation as is characteristic of deism.[3][4]
Atheism is commonly understood as non-acceptance or outright rejection of theism in the broadest sense of the term (i.e., non-acceptance or rejection of belief in God or gods).[5][6] Related (but separate) is the claim that the existence of any deity is unknown or unknowable; a stance known as agnosticism.[7][8]Agnostic theism is a personal belief in one or more deities along with acceptance that the existence or non-existence of the deity or deities is fundamentally unknowable.
^"theism", Archived 12 December 2021 at the Wayback Machine Dictionary.com. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
^"theism," Archived 14 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary. Retrieved 18 March 2011.
^"Dictionary.com Online Dictionary". Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
^"Dictionary.com Online Dictionary". Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
^Nielsen, Kai (2010). "Atheism". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 26 January 2011. Atheism, in general, the critique and denial of metaphysical beliefs in God or spiritual beings.... Instead of saying that an atheist is someone who believes that it is false or probably false that there is a God, a more adequate characterization of atheism consists in the more complex claim that to be an atheist is to be someone who rejects belief in God for the following reasons (which reason is stressed depends on how God is being conceived)...
^Edwards, Paul (2005) [1967]. "Atheism". In Donald M. Borchert (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). MacMillan Reference USA (Gale). p. 359. ISBN 9780028657806. On our definition, an 'atheist' is a person who rejects belief in God, regardless of whether or not his reason for the rejection is the claim that 'God exists' expresses a false proposition. People frequently adopt an attitude of rejection toward a position for reasons other than that it is a false proposition. It is common among contemporary philosophers, and indeed it was not uncommon in earlier centuries, to reject positions on the ground that they are meaningless. Sometimes, too, a theory is rejected on such grounds as that it is sterile or redundant or capricious, and there are many other considerations which in certain contexts are generally agreed to constitute good grounds for rejecting an assertion.(page 175 in 1967 edition)
^Hepburn, Ronald W. (2005) [1967]. "Agnosticism". In Donald M. Borchert (ed.). The Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol. 1 (2nd ed.). MacMillan Reference USA (Gale). p. 92. ISBN 9780028657806. In the most general use of the term, agnosticism is the view that we do not know whether there is a God or not.(page 56 in 1967 edition)
^Rowe, William L. (1998). "Agnosticism". In Edward Craig (ed.). Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-415-07310-3. In the popular sense, an agnostic is someone who neither believes nor disbelieves in God, whereas an atheist disbelieves in God. In the strict sense, however, agnosticism is the view that human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not exist. In so far as one holds that our beliefs are rational only if they are sufficiently supported by human reason, the person who accepts the philosophical position of agnosticism will hold that neither the belief that God exists nor the belief that God does not exist is rational.
Theism is broadly defined as the belief in the existence of at least one deity. In common parlance, or when contrasted with deism, the term often describes...
Antitheism, also spelled anti-theism, is the philosophical position that theism should be opposed. The term has had a range of applications. In secular...
Agnostic theism, agnostotheism, or agnostitheism is the philosophical view that encompasses both theism and agnosticism. An agnostic theist believes in...
Open theism, also known as openness theology, is a theological movement that has developed within Christianity as a rejection of the synthesis of Greek...
Nontheism or non-theism is a range of both religious and non-religious attitudes characterized by the absence of espoused belief in the existence of God...
Classical theism is the form of theism in which God is characterized as the singular Absolute Being, Absolute Self, and Ultimate Person who is the source...
philosophical thought is widely believed to have paved the way for open theism, a movement that tends to associate itself primarily with the Evangelical...
often worshipped". Belief in the existence of at least one god is called theism. Conceptions of God vary considerably. Many notable theologians and philosophers...
Philosophical theism is the belief that the Supreme Being exists (or must exist) independent of the teaching or revelation of any particular religion....
mysticism may be compatible with pantheism but it may also be compatible with theism and other views. Pantheism has also been involved in animal worship especially...
A devil is the personification of evil as it is conceived in various cultures and religious traditions. It is seen as the objectification of a hostile...
Liberal theism is the philosophical and religious belief in the existence of a deity without adhering to an established religion. The exact definition...
specifically the position that there are no deities. Atheism is contrasted with theism, which in its most general form is the belief that at least one deity exists...
Theocracy is a form of government in which one or more deities are recognized as supreme ruling authorities, giving divine guidance to human intermediaries...
towards theism, while 19.86% stated they accept or lean towards atheism. Prominent contemporary philosophers of religion who defended theism include Alvin...
Skeptical theism is the view that people should remain skeptical of their ability to discern whether their perceptions about evil can be considered good...
In process theology, dipolar theism is the position that to conceive a perfect God, one must conceive him as embodying the "good" in sometimes-opposing...
Buddhas like Vairocana or Amitabha with certain forms of theism, such as pantheism and process theism. Damien Keown notes that in the Saṃyutta Nikāya, the...
Theism and Humanism is a book by A.J. Balfour published in 1915 based on his 1914 Gifford Lectures. This book has been reviewed by T.S. Eliot in the journal...
Teleology (from τέλος, telos, 'end', 'aim', or 'goal', and λόγος, logos, 'explanation' or 'reason') or finality is a branch of causality giving the reason...
Part of a series on Theism Types of faith Agnosticism Apatheism Atheism Classical theism Deism Henotheism Ietsism Ignosticism Monotheism Monism Dualism...
swearing-in. The Pew Research Center has routinely conducted surveys surrounding theism, religion, and morality since 2002, asking: Which of the following statements...
a religious notion that is neither theistic nor atheistic. However, the theism that is being transcended in Stoicism according to Tillich is not polytheism...
affect and be affected by temporal processes, contrary to the forms of theism that hold God to be in all respects non-temporal (eternal), unchanging (immutable)...
Three Essays on Religion: Nature, the Utility of Religion, and Theism is an 1874 book by the English philosopher John Stuart Mill, published posthumously...
definition of agnostic. Smith rejects agnosticism as a third alternative to theism and atheism and promotes terms such as agnostic atheism (the view of those...
Apatheism (/ˌæpəˈθiːɪzəm/; a portmanteau of apathy and theism) is the attitude of apathy toward the existence or non-existence of God(s). It is more of...
monism, through pantheism and panentheism (alternatively called monistic theism by some scholars) to monotheism and even atheism. Hinduism cannot be said...