Centers of rebellion against the caliph in Tabaristan, from right to left: Parim, Miandorud, Lafur and Kelār[1]
Date
From 784 to 804
Location
From Gilan to Tammisha (Tabarestan)
Result
Abbasid victory
Increased autonomy in Tabaristan
Behavioral change of Abbasids towards the people of Tabaristan and Gilan
Mazyar and Hasan ibn Zayd's uprising
Increased tendency of people and local rulers to Shi'ism
Belligerents
Karenids Bavandids Baduspanids Zarmihrids
Abbasid Caliphate Supported: Barmakids
Commanders and leaders
Vandad Hormozd Sharwin I Shahryar I Vanda Omid Masmughans of Damavand
Abdulhamid Mazroub † Salim Farghani † Farasha † Ruh ibn Hatam Ummar ibn Ala' Yazid ibn Mazyad al-Shaybani Al-Hasan ibn Qahtaba Abdullah Hazim Mehrawiya Razi †
Casualties and losses
~ 20,000 killed (in the first uprising)
Tabaristan uprising (Persian: شورش طبرستان) was a series of rebellions and battles of indigenous Zoroastrian population of Tabaristan against the Abbasid Caliphate, led by local Spahbeds which occurred between 784 and 804. A few years after Spahbed Khurshid's suicide and the annihilation of the Dabuyid dynasty, as dissatisfaction with the actions of the Abbasid caliphs grew, people turned to the Qarinvand dynasty Spahbed, Wandad Hurmuzd and asked him to lead their uprising. After deliberation with Spahbeds of other dynasties such as Baduspanids, Bavandids and Masmughans of Damavand, he accepted people's request. From then Sharwin I was like king of Tabaristan and Wandad was his warlord. On a predetermined day, they raised a great rebellion against the Abbasid caliphate, and the people of Tabaristan and Ruyan attacked the garrisons on this day and killed the Arab soldiers. Historians refer to this day as "the day when Tabaristan was emptied of Caliph's agents" and report that 20,000 people were killed.
After the massacre of Muslims and Caliph's deputy in Tabaristan, the Abbasid Caliphate started a series of battles to recapture Tabaristan. The caliph Al-Mahdi demanded the death of Wandad Hurmuzd and bringing his head to Baghdad, but none of his generals succeeded and finally his heir, Al-Hadi, managed to declare ceasefire and conclude a treaty and bring Wandad to Baghdad with him. Along the route, the Abbasid caliph Al-Mahdi died and Al-Hadi became caliph. Wandad Hurmuzd stayed in Baghdad until the end of Hadi's rule, but finally returned to Tabaristan and another round of the uprising began. Finally, during the caliphate of Harun al-Rashid, with the presence of the Tabaristan princes as hostages in Baghdad, in 804, the Tabaristan
rebellions were completely stopped.
^Madelung 1975, pp. 199, 202–203.
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Global Information
Karenids
Bavandids
Abbasid Caliphate