Not to be confused with Syro-Malabar Church or Syro-Malankara Catholic Church.
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Syriac Catholic Church
ܥܕܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ
Syriac Catholic Cathedral of Saint Paul, a cathedral of the Syriac Catholic Church, in Damascus, Syria
Type
Antiochian
Classification
Eastern Catholic
Orientation
Syriac
Scripture
Peshitta[1]
Polity
Episcopal
Pope
Francis
Patriarch
Ignatius Joseph III Yonan
Region
Near-East; Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Turkey with communities in United States, Canada, France, Sweden, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Australia
Language
Syriac, Aramaic
Liturgy
West Syriac Rite
Headquarters
Beirut, Lebanon[2]
Founder
Traces ultimate origins to Apostles St. Paul and St. Peter Through Patriarchs Ignatius Andrew Akijan (1662) and Ignatius Michael III Jarweh (1782)
Branched from
Church of Antioch[3]
Members
153,415 (2018)[4]
Official website
syr-cath.org(in Arabic)
Part of a series on
Particular churches sui iuris of the Catholic Church
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Particular churches are grouped by liturgical rite
The Syriac Catholic Church[a] is an Eastern Catholic Christian jurisdiction originating in the Levant that uses the West Syriac Rite liturgy and has many practices and rites in common with the Syriac Orthodox Church. Being one of the twenty-three Eastern Catholic Churches, the Syriac Catholic Church is a self-governed sui iuris particular church, while it is in full communion with the Holy See and with the entirety of the Roman Catholic Church.[5]
The Syriac Catholic Church traces its history and traditions to the early centuries of Christianity. Following the Chalcedonian Schism, the Church of Antioch became part of Oriental Orthodoxy and was known as the Syriac Orthodox Church, while a new Antiochian patriarchate was established to fill its place by those churches that accepted the Council of Chalcedon. The Syriac Catholic Church came into full communion with the Holy See and the modern Syriac Orthodox Church is the result of those that did not want to join the Catholic Church. Therefore, the Syriac Catholic Church is considered to be a continuation of the original Church of Antioch.[6][7]
The church is headed by Mor Ignatius Joseph III Younan, who has been the patriarch since 2009. Its patriarch of Antioch has the title of Patriarch of Antioch and all the East of the Syriacs and resides in Beirut, Lebanon.[8]
Jesuit and Capuchin missionaries began to work among the Syriac Orthodox in Aleppo in 1626. So many of them were received into communion with Rome that, in 1662, when the patriarchate had fallen vacant, the Catholic party was able to elect one of its own, Andrew Akijan, as patriarch of the Syriac Church. This provoked a split in the community, and after Akijan's death in 1677, two opposing patriarchs were elected, one being the uncle of the other, representing the two parties (one pro-Catholic, the other anti-Catholic). When the Catholic patriarch died in 1702, this very brief line of Catholic patriarchs in the Syriac Church's patriarchal see died with him.
Later, in 1782, the Syriac Orthodox Holy Synod elected Metropolitan Michael Jarweh of Aleppo as patriarch. Shortly after he was enthroned, he declared himself Catholic and in unity with the pope of Rome. Since Jarweh, there has been an unbroken succession of Syriac Catholic patriarchs.[9]
^Studia Humana Volume 2:3 (2013), pp. 53—55
^"Syriac Patriarchal See of Antioch". GCatholic.org. Retrieved 17 February 2022.
^"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Church of Antioch". www.newadvent.org.
^Eastern Catholic Churches Worldwide 2018
^CNA. "Eastern Rite Sui iuris Catholic Churches". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
^"Syriac Orthodox Church History". syriacorthodoxresources.org. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
^"Diocese of Our Lady of Deliverance | Syriac Catholic Church in the United States of America". Retrieved 17 March 2024.
^The title of Patriarch of Antioch is also used/claimed by four other churches, two Orthodox and two other Eastern Catholic; in 1964 the Latin titular patriarchate was abolished.
^LaBanca, Nicholas (19 March 2019). "The Other 23 Catholic Churches: Part 5, West Syrian Rite". Ascension Press Media. Retrieved 16 March 2024.
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