Heating a liquid to a temperature above its boiling point without boiling
This article is about the phenomenon where a liquid can exist in a metastable state above its boiling point. For pressurized water above 100 °C, see superheated water. For the device used in steam engines, see superheater. For the 'superheat' used in vapor-compression refrigeration, see Vapor-compression refrigeration § Thermodynamic analysis of the system.
In thermodynamics, superheating (sometimes referred to as boiling retardation, or boiling delay) is the phenomenon in which a liquid is heated to a temperature higher than its boiling point, without boiling. This is a so-called metastable state or metastate, where boiling might occur at any time, induced by external or internal effects.[1][2] Superheating is achieved by heating a homogeneous substance in a clean container, free of nucleation sites, while taking care not to disturb the liquid.
This may occur by microwaving water in a very smooth container. Disturbing the water may cause an unsafe eruption of hot water and result in burns.[3]
^Debenedetti, P.G.Metastable Liquids: Concepts and Principles; Princeton University Press: Princeton, NJ, USA, 1996.
^Maris, H., Balibar, S. (2000) "Negative Pressures and Cavitation in Liquid Helium" Physics Today 53, 29
^Health, Center for Devices and Radiological (2018-11-03). "Risk of Burns from Eruptions of Hot Water Overheated in Microwave Ovens". FDA.
In thermodynamics, superheating (sometimes referred to as boiling retardation, or boiling delay) is the phenomenon in which a liquid is heated to a temperature...
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saturated vapor pressure. This is distinct from the use of the term superheating to refer to water at atmospheric pressure above its normal boiling point...
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device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam. Superheated steam is used in steam turbines for electricity generation...
with saturated steam, enabling the steam to carry more energy. Although superheating adds more energy to the steam in the form of heat there is no effect...
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became more commonplace (see Claus process). In the Frasch process, superheated water is pumped into the sulfur deposit; the sulfur melts and is extracted...
frequently employed in distillation and heating. When a liquid becomes superheated, a speck of dust or a stirring rod can cause violent flash boiling. Boiling...
water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Steam that is saturated or superheated (water vapor) is invisible; however, wet steam, a visible mist or aerosol...
groundwater in underground cavities becomes superheated under a lid of colder surface water. When the superheated water breaches the surface, it flashes to...
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element Condensed matter physics Cooling curve Phase (matter) Supercooling Superheating List of states of matter M.A. Wahab (2005). Solid State Physics: Structure...
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In astronomy, the intracluster medium (ICM) is the superheated plasma that permeates a galaxy cluster. The gas consists mainly of ionized hydrogen and...
relative influence of the metallic content of the meteoroid versus the superheated air plasma, which its passage engenders: Orange-yellow (sodium) Yellow...
the case of liquids where the negative pressure state is similar to superheating and is easily susceptible to cavitation. In certain situations, the cavitation...
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