This article is about water as a gas. For the video game distribution platform, see Steam (service). For other uses, see Steam (disambiguation).
Liquid phase eruption of Castle Geyser in Yellowstone ParkA temperature-versus-entropy diagram for steamA Mollier enthalpy-versus-entropy diagram for steam
Steam is water in the gas phase,[1]: 7 and sometimes also an aerosol of liquid water droplets, or air. This may occur due to evaporation or due to boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Steam that is saturated or superheated (water vapor) is invisible; however, wet steam, a visible mist or aerosol of water droplets, is often referred to as "steam".[1]: 6
Water increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure; this change in volume can be converted into mechanical work by steam engines such as reciprocating piston type engines and steam turbines, which are a sub-group of steam engines. Piston type steam engines played a central role in the Industrial Revolution and modern steam turbines are used to generate more than 80% of the world's electricity. If liquid water comes in contact with a very hot surface or depressurizes quickly below its vapor pressure, it can create a steam explosion.
^ ab"steam". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
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