Henry III of Navarre's accession as King of France
Henry IV of France's succession
Part of the French Wars of Religion
King Henry IV of France, until 1589 known as Henry of Navarre. 17th century engraving by Henri Goltzius.
Date
August 1589 – March 1594[according to whom?]
Location
France
Result
Henry IV of France is recognised as king in most of France after converting to Roman Catholicism and under the condition of tolerance towards Protestants[according to whom?]
Continued Catholic resistance with Spanish support leads Henry IV to declare war on Spain in January 1595
Belligerents
Politiques and Protestants: Huguenots England
Catholics: Catholic League Spain
Commanders and leaders
Henry IV of France
Charles de Bourbon
v
t
e
French Wars of Religion
First; 1562–1563 Conflict in the provinces; Rouen; Vergt; Dreux; Orléans
Fourth; 1572–1573 Mons; Sommières; Sancerre; La Rochelle
Fifth; 1574–1576 Dormans
Sixth; 1577 La Charité-sur-Loire; Issoire; Brouage
Seventh; 1580 La Fère
War of the Three Henrys (1585–1589) Coutras; Vimory; Auneau; Day of the Barricades
Succession of Henry IV of France (1589–1594) Arques; Ivry; Paris; Château-Laudran; Rouen; Caudebec; Craon; 1st Luxembourg; Blaye; Morlaix; Fort Crozon
Franco-Spanish War (1595–1598) 2nd Luxembourg; Fontaine-Française; Ham; Le Catelet; Doullens; Cambrai; Calais; La Fère; Ardres; Amiens
Henry III of Navarre's succession to the throne in 1589 was followed by a war of succession to establish his legitimacy, which was part of the French Wars of Religion (1562–1598). Henry IV inherited the throne after the assassination of Henry III, the last Valois king, who died without children. Henry was already King of Navarre, as the successor of his mother, Jeanne d'Albret, but he owed his succession to the throne of France to the line of his father, Antoine of Bourbon, an agnatic descendant of Louis IX. He was the first French king from the House of Bourbon.
Henry's succession in 1589 proved far from straightforward. He and King Henry III were moving to besiege Paris at the time of the latter's death. The city and large parts of France, mostly in the north, were in the hands of the Catholic League, an alliance of leading Catholic nobles and prelates who opposed the Protestant Henry of Navarre as heir to the throne. Instead, they recognized Henry's uncle, Charles of Bourbon, as the heir, and on Henry III's assassination, they declared Charles king. As a result, Henry IV was forced to fight a civil war to assert his position as king, followed by a war against Spain, who continued to question his legitimacy.
After the death of Charles of Bourbon, the Catholic League's failure to choose a replacement claimant to the throne, in combination with Henry IV's conversion to Catholicism, led to a general recognition of the king in France.[according to whom?] Henry IV's successors ruled France until the French Revolution, then returned during subsequent Bourbon restorations, and they founded dynasties in Spain and the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
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