Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a hydrological process which commonly occurs in coastal areas. It is described as submarine inflow of fresh-, and brackish groundwater from land into the sea. Submarine Groundwater Discharge is controlled by several forcing mechanisms, which cause a hydraulic gradient between land and sea.[1] Considering the different regional settings the discharge occurs either as (1) a focused flow along fractures in karst and rocky areas, (2) a dispersed flow in soft sediments, or (3) a recirculation of seawater within marine sediments. Submarine Groundwater Discharge plays an important role in coastal biogeochemical processes and hydrological cycles such as the formation of offshore plankton blooms, hydrological cycles, and the release of nutrients, trace elements and gases.[2][3][4][5] It affects coastal ecosystems and has been used as a freshwater resource by some local communities for millennia.[6]
^William C.Burnett, Bokuniewicz, Henry, Huettel, Markus, Moore, Willard S., Taniguchi, Makoto. "Groundwater and pore water inputs to the coastal zone", Biogeochemistry, Volume 66, 2003, Page 3–33.
^Claudette Spiteri, Caroline P. Slomp, Matthew A. Charette, Kagan Tuncay, Christof Meile. "Flow and nutrient dynamics in a subterranean estuary (Waquoit Bay, MA, USA): Field data and reactive transport modeling", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 72, Issue 14, 15 July 2008, Pages 3398–3412.
^Caroline P. Slomp, Philippe Van Cappellen. "Nutrient inputs to the coastal ocean through submarine groundwater discharge: controls and potential impact", Journal of Hydrology, Volume 295, Issues 1–4, 10 August 2004, Pages 64–86.
^Moore, Willard S. (1996). "Large groundwater inputs to coastal waters revealed by 226Ra enrichments". Nature. 380 (6575): 612–614. doi:10.1038/380612a0. S2CID 4249682.
^Matthew A. Charette, Edward R. Sholkovitz. "Trace element cycling in a subterranean estuary: Part 2. Geochemistry of the pore water", Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Volume 70, Issue 4, 15 February 2006, Pages 811–826.
^Moosdorf, N.; Oehler, T. (2017-08-01). "Societal use of fresh submarine groundwater discharge: An overlooked water resource". Earth-Science Reviews. 171: 338–348. Bibcode:2017ESRv..171..338M. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2017.06.006. ISSN 0012-8252.
and 28 Related for: Submarine groundwater discharge information
Submarinegroundwaterdischarge (SGD) is a hydrological process which commonly occurs in coastal areas. It is described as submarine inflow of fresh-,...
Groundwaterdischarge is the volumetric flow rate of groundwater through an aquifer. Total groundwaterdischarge, as reported through a specified area...
other topologies, submarinegroundwaterdischarge can push fresh water into saltwater. Certain human activities, especially groundwater pumping from coastal...
other topologies, submarinegroundwaterdischarge can push fresh water into saltwater. Certain human activities, especially groundwater pumping from coastal...
contributor of freshwater to the Adriatic is the submarinegroundwaterdischarge through submarine springs (Croatian: vrulja); it is estimated to comprise...
S.; Hunt, Terry L. (28 June 2021). "Thermal Imaging Shows SubmarineGroundwaterDischarge Plumes Associated with Ancient Settlements on Rapa Nui (Easter...
of Nutrients and Pollutants to Hawaiian Coastal Waters from SubmarineGroundwaterDischarge. Stanford University. p. 131. Lim, T. K. (2012). Edible Medicinal...
upwelling of underground freshwater springs. Many locations of submarinegroundwaterdischarge (SGD) are easily visible on the sea surface around the bay...
Hawaii, has a sustained condition of nutrient-rich, lower pH submarinegroundwaterdischarge that lowers the pH of seawater. Also, the corals are exposed...
richness and abundance of fish and benthic invertebrates around submarinegroundwaterdischarge in Obama Bay, Japan". Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies...
A. L.; Moran, S. B.; et al. (2008). "Seasonal changes in submarinegroundwaterdischarge to coastal salt ponds estimated using 226Ra and 228Ra as tracers"...
saturated with water is called the water table. Groundwater is recharged from the surface; it may discharge from the surface naturally at springs and seeps...
(2010). "Nutrient inputs to the coastal ocean from submarinegroundwaterdischarge in a groundwater-dominated system: Relation to land use (Kona coast...
Mud Hole Spring is an unusual warm-water, submarinedischarge of water off the southwestern Gulf Coast of Florida, at 26°15′51″N 82°01′02″W / 26.26417°N...
Cable, J. E., Charette, M. A., et al. (2006). Quantifying submarinegroundwaterdischarge in the coastal zone via multiple methods. Sci. Total Environ...
precipitation and naturally lost through discharge to the oceans, evaporation, evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge. The only natural input to any...
A.M., 2023. Small Muddy Paleochannels and Implications for SubmarineGroundwaterDischarge near Charleston, South Carolina, USA. Geosciences, 13(8), no...
delivered to the ocean by river transport, wet deposition, submarinegroundwaterdischarge, and hydrothermal vents. Boron is lost from the oceans in emissions...
in marine sediments. Her subsequent research considered how submarinegroundwaterdischarge bring nutrients to the coastal ocean and the accumulation of...
Aníbal J (15 October 2013). "Interception of nutrient rich submarinegroundwaterdischarge seepage on European temperate beaches by the acoel flatworm...
2022. Buachidze, I. M.; Meliva, A. M. (1967), "To the question of groundwaterdischarge into the Black Sea in the Gagra area", Trudy Laboratorii Gidrogeologii...
evaporation (Boufadel et al. 1999) and (Geng and M.C. 2015), submarinegroundwaterdischarge (Li et al. 2008), and beach hydrodynamics to explain the persistence...
Storegga slide off the east coast of Norway. Groundwater seepage and elevated pore water pressure can cause submarine landslides. Elevated pore water pressure...
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