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Great Repression Их Хэлмэгдүүлэлт
Part of History of Mongolia
Location
Mongolian People's Republic
Date
1937–1939
Target
Buddhist clergy, aristocrats, intelligentsia, political dissidents, and ethnic Buryats and Kazakhs
Attack type
Summary executions
Massacres
Mass murder
Ethnic cleansing
Deaths
20,000–35,000
Perpetrators
Khorloogiin Choibalsan, the NKVD Mikhail Frinovsky, Extraordinary Purge Commission members Dorjjavyn Luvsansharav and Minister of Justice Tserendorj, Internal Affairs Committee head D. Namsrai, deputy minister of internal affairs Nasantogtoh, Bayasgalan, Dashtseveg and others
Motive
Elimination of political opponents, consolidation of power
History of Mongolia
Timeline
States
Rulers
Nobility
Culture
Politics
Geography
Language
Religion
Prehistoric period
Afanasievo culture
3300–2500 BC
Chemurchek culture
2750–1900 BC
Munkhkhairkhan culture
1800–1600 BC
Sagsai culture
1500–1000 BC
Ulaanzuukh culture
1450–1150 BC
Deer stones culture
1400–700 BC
Slab-grave culture
1100–300 BC
Chandman culture
700–300 BC
Pazyryk culture
600–300 BC
Ancient period
Xiongnu
209 BC–93 AD
Xianbei state
93–234
Rouran Khaganate
330–555
Göktürks (First, Eastern,
and Second Turkic Khaganates)
555–630 682–744
Xueyantuo
628–646
Tang protectorate
647–682
Uyghur Khaganate
744–840
Liao dynasty
907–1125
Medieval period
Mongol khanates
9th–12th century
Khamag Mongol
1130–1206
Mongol Empire
1206–1368
Yuan dynasty
1271–1368
Northern Yuan
1368–1635
Oirat Confederation
1399–1634
Dzungar Khanate
1634–1757
Qing dynasty
1691–1911
Modern period
National Revolution
1911
Bogd Khaganate
1911–1919
Chinese occupation
1919–1921
People's Revolution (Soviet intervention in Bogd Khanate)
1921 1921–1924
People's Republic
1924–1992
Democratic Revolution
1990
Modern Mongolia
1990–present
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The Stalinist repressions in Mongolia (Mongolian: Их Хэлмэгдүүлэлт, Ikh Khelmegdüülelt, "Great Repression") was an 18-month period of heightened political violence and persecution in the Mongolian People's Republic between 1937 and 1939.[1] The repressions were an extension of the Stalinist purges (also known as the Great Purge) unfolding across the Soviet Union around the same time. Soviet NKVD advisors, under the nominal direction of Mongolia's de facto leader Khorloogiin Choibalsan, persecuted thousands of individuals and organizations perceived as threats to the Mongolian revolution and the growing Soviet influence in the country. As in the Soviet Union, methods of repression included torture, show trials, executions, and imprisonment in remote forced labor camps, often in Soviet gulags. Estimates differ, but anywhere between 20,000 and 35,000 "enemies of the revolution" were executed, a figure representing three to five percent of Mongolia's total population at the time.[2] Victims included those accused of espousing Tibetan Buddhism, pan-Mongolist nationalism, and pro-Japanese sentiment. Buddhist clergy, aristocrats, intelligentsia, political dissidents, and ethnic Buryats and Kazakhs suffered the greatest losses.[citation needed]
^Kaplonski, Christopher. "Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire". Inner Asia. 7: 209. ISSN 1464-8172.
^Kuromiya, Hiroaki (July 2014). "Stalin's Great Terror and the Asian Nexus". Europe-Asia Studies. 66 (5): 787. doi:10.1080/09668136.2014.910940. S2CID 154720143.
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