In physics, stability of matter refers to the problem of showing rigorously that a large number of charged quantum particles can coexist and form macroscopic objects, like ordinary matter. The first proof was provided by Freeman Dyson and Andrew Lenard in 1967–1968,[1][2] but a shorter and more conceptual proof was found later by Elliott Lieb and Walter Thirring in 1975.[3]
^Dyson, Freeman J.; Lenard, A. (March 1967). "Stability of Matter. I". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 8 (3): 423–434. Bibcode:1967JMP.....8..423D. doi:10.1063/1.1705209.
^Lenard, A.; Dyson, Freeman J. (May 1968). "Stability of Matter. II". Journal of Mathematical Physics. 9 (5): 698–711. Bibcode:1968JMP.....9..698L. doi:10.1063/1.1664631.
^Lieb, Elliott H.; Thirring, Walter E. (15 September 1975). "Bound for the Kinetic Energy of Fermions Which Proves the Stability of Matter". Physical Review Letters. 35 (11): 687–689. Bibcode:1975PhRvL..35..687L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.687.
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