Force exerted on an object by a body with which it is in contact, and vice versa
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Figure 1: FN represents the normal force
In mechanics, the normal force is the component of a contact force that is perpendicular to the surface that an object contacts, as in Figure 1.[1] In this instance normal is used in the geometric sense and means perpendicular, as opposed to the common language use of normal meaning "ordinary" or "expected". A person standing still on a platform is acted upon by gravity, which would pull them down towards the Earth's core unless there were a countervailing force from the resistance of the platform's molecules, a force which is named the "normal force".
The normal force is one type of ground reaction force. If the person stands on a slope and does not sink into the ground or slide downhill, the total ground reaction force can be divided into two components: a normal force perpendicular to the ground and a frictional force parallel to the ground. In another common situation, if an object hits a surface with some speed, and the surface can withstand the impact, the normal force provides for a rapid deceleration, which will depend on the flexibility of the surface and the object.
^Pearson IIT Foundation Series Physics (2018). Pearson IIT Foundation Series: Physics. India: Pearson. pp. 3.1–3.37. ISBN 9789353430917.
In mechanics, the normalforce F n {\displaystyle F_{n}} is the component of a contact force that is perpendicular to the surface that an object contacts...
include elastic, frictional, contact or "normal" forces, and gravitational. The rotational version of force is torque, which produces changes in the rotational...
surface(s) in contact called the normalforce, and one parallel to the surface(s) in contact, called the friction force. Not all forces are contact forces;...
friction force itself depends on the normalforce, and hence on the mass of the block. Depending on the situation, the calculation of the normalforce N {\displaystyle...
acting on an object may include friction, gravity, normalforce, drag, tension, or a human force due to pushing or pulling. When in a non-inertial reference...
also be supplied as a 'push' force, such as in the case where the normal reaction of a wall supplies the centripetal force for a wall of death or a Rotor...
the bank angle is zero, the surface is flat and the normalforce is vertically upward. The only force keeping the vehicle turning on its path is friction...
support force exerted upon an object which is in contact with another stable object. Normalforce is sometimes referred to as the pressing force since its...
settle on a spheroid shape, such that the normalforce, the gravitational force and the centrifugal force exactly balance each other on a "horizontal"...
Surface force denoted fs is the force that acts across an internal or external surface element in a material body. Normal forces and shear forces between...
This diagram shows the normalforce pointing in other directions rather than opposite to the weight force. The normalforce is actually the sum of the...
and the normalforce are derived from the electric force, another of the fundamental forces. Gravity is a rather weak force... The electric force between...
lowered down a vertical distance by using the normalforce of the plane to reduce the gravitational force. Aircraft evacuation slides allow people to rapidly...
vector normal to the surface) with the normalforce acting on it. The pressure is the scalar proportionality constant that relates the two normal vectors:...
appearance of a centrifugal force in a rotating frame of reference (the transmission of centripetal acceleration via normalforce in the non-rotating frame...
force is called the shear force (if it is transverse to the plane of element) or the normalforce (if it is along the plane of the element). Normal force...
friction is therefore pushing the ball to the right. Unlike the normalforce and the force of gravity, these frictional forces will exert a torque on the...
body approximately equally. When there are no other forces, such as the normalforce exerted between a body (e.g. an astronaut in orbit) and its surrounding...
Drag (physics), during movement through a fluid (see fluid dynamics) Normalforce, exerted reactionally back on the acting body by the compressive, tensile...
creates a force on the blade. This force can be decomposed into an axial and normalforce (Fig. 5). In the case of a Darrieus turbine, the axial force associated...
a tension restraint force T in order to remain fully submerged. An object which tends to sink will eventually have a normalforce of constraint N exerted...
that static friction force may depend on the contact time and sliding (kinetic) friction may depend on sliding velocity, normalforce and contact area. In...
person. In the above example, the ground reaction force coincides with the notion of a normalforce. However, in a more general case, the GRF will also...
exerted by pressurized gases from a gun barrel or a propelling nozzle, normalforce by rifling, and gravity and air drag during flight. A ballistic missile...
friction, rolling resistance is often expressed as a coefficient times the normalforce. This coefficient of rolling resistance is generally much smaller than...
material in contact. It gives the contact stress as a function of the normal contact force, the radii of curvature of both bodies and the modulus of elasticity...
top, its weight is acting downwards from its center of mass and the normalforce (reaction) of the ground is pushing up on it at the point of contact...
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