This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.
The following is a list of notable unsolved problems grouped into broad areas of physics.[1]
Some of the major unsolved problems in physics are theoretical, meaning that existing theories seem incapable of explaining a certain observed phenomenon or experimental result. The others are experimental, meaning that there is a difficulty in creating an experiment to test a proposed theory or investigate a phenomenon in greater detail.
There are still some questions beyond the Standard Model of physics, such as the strong CP problem, neutrino mass, matter–antimatter asymmetry, and the nature of dark matter and dark energy.[2][3] Another problem lies within the mathematical framework of the Standard Model itself—the Standard Model is inconsistent with that of general relativity, to the point that one or both theories break down under certain conditions (for example within known spacetime singularities like the Big Bang and the centres of black holes beyond the event horizon).[4]
^Ginzburg, Vitaly L. (2001). The physics of a lifetime : reflections on the problems and personalities of 20th century physics. Berlin: Springer. pp. 3–200. ISBN 978-3-540-67534-1.
^Hammond, Richard (1 May 2008). "The Unknown Universe: The Origin of the Universe, Quantum Gravity, Wormholes, and Other Things Science Still Can't Explain". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A. 456 (1999): 1685.
^Womersley, J. (February 2005). "Beyond the Standard Model" (PDF). Symmetry Magazine. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 October 2007. Retrieved 23 November 2010.
^Overbye, Dennis (11 September 2023). "Don't Expect a 'Theory of Everything' to Explain It All - Not even the most advanced physics can reveal everything we want to know about the history and future of the cosmos, or about ourselves". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
and 25 Related for: List of unsolved problems in physics information
This is a listofunsolvedproblemsin chemistry. Problemsin chemistry are considered unsolved when an expert in the field considers it unsolved or when...
This article is a listof notable unsolvedproblemsin astronomy. Problems may be theoretical or experimental. Theoretical problems result from current...
The following is a listof notable unsolvedproblemsin neuroscience. A problem is considered unsolved if no answer is known or if there is significant...
long-standing problem, and some lists ofunsolvedproblems, such as the Millennium Prize Problems, receive considerable attention. This list is a composite of notable...
This is a listof some of the major unsolvedproblems, puzzles, or questions in economics. Some of these are theoretical in origin and some of them concern...
neutrinos instead of light PhysicsListof timelines Listofunsolvedproblemsinphysics Rovelli, Carlo (2023). Anaximander and the Nature of Science. Allen...
to each problem. The Clay Mathematics Institute officially designated the title Millennium Problem for the seven unsolved mathematical problems, the Birch...
one of the unsolvedproblemsinphysics is the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity, which the Standard Model of particle physics currently...
requires a large amount of observations to test it. Big Bang Halo nucleus Isotopes of lithium Listofunsolvedproblemsinphysics Lithium burning Hou, S...
List of unsolvedproblemsinphysics Bianchini, Sebastian; Lage-Castellanos, Alejandro; Altshuler, Ernesto (12 May 2011). "Upstream contamination in water...
In mathematics, the Simon problems (or Simon's problems) are a series of fifteen questions posed in the year 2000 by Barry Simon, an American mathematical...
Cuspy halo problem (also known as "the core/cusp problem") Listofunsolvedproblemsinphysics For a detailed and up to date list see Listof Milky Way's...
problem") Listofunsolvedproblemsinphysics Moore, Ben; et al. (August 1994). "Evidence against dissipation-less dark matter from observations of galaxy...
framework ofphysics that fully explains and links together all aspects of the universe.: 6 Finding a theory of everything is one of the major unsolved problems...
large number of fronts. In condensed matter physics, an important unsolved theoretical problem is that of high-temperature superconductivity. Many condensed...
preeminent unsolvedproblemsin both physics and chemistry. They began with the historic invitation-only 1911 Solvay Conference on Physics, considered...
physics – application of mathematics to problemsinphysics and the development of mathematical methods for such applications and the formulation of physical...
individual letter use the table of contents below. !$@ 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Listof basic physics topics R. P. Feynman, R....
of flows in networks, for example: Max flow min cut theorem Museum guard problem Covering problemsin graphs may refer to various set cover problems on...