Earle Spaulding of Temple University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) in a 1939 paper on disinfection of surgical instruments in a chemical solution proposed "a strategy for sterilization or disinfection of inanimate objects and surfaces based on the degree of risk involved in their use".[1] In order to simplify the nature of the disinfection process, Spaulding classified instruments and items used in patient care according to infection risk into "critical", "semicritical", and "noncritical" categories.[2] He also classified levels of germicidal activity as "high", "intermediate", and "low". While influential, the Spaulding scheme is susceptible to oversimplification and can be difficult to implement.[2]
^"Glossary | Infection Prevention & Control in Dental Settings | Division of Oral Health | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2020-08-10. Retrieved 2021-01-16.
^ ab"Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities, 2008" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Earle Spaulding of Temple University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) in a 1939 paper on disinfection of surgical instruments in a chemical solution proposed...
father. The first-born child of Phillip Spaulding and Beth Raines, Lizzie has a younger brother, James Lemay Spaulding. She also has two younger paternal half-siblings...
related to carnivorans than to viverravids. In 2010 Flynn, Finarelli & Spaulding named a new clade Carnivoraformes within Carnivoramorpha, containing carnivorans...
central power figure in Spaulding Enterprises for decades, with a series of successful tenures as the corporations diva CEO. Spaulding experienced a Golden...
Spalding was born in Ashford, Connecticut to Josiah Spaulding Sr (1729-1809) and Priscilla Paine Spaulding (1734-1817). He was a member of the Continental...
Ford-Spaulding Debate. He was also instrumental in increasing funding for archaeology through the National Science Foundation. Albert Spaulding was born...
2023-07-31. Rowan NJ, Kremer T, McDonnell G (June 2023). "A review of Spaulding'sclassification system for effective cleaning, disinfection and sterilization...
"Language Representative Counts". "Language Representative Counts". Spaulding 2006, p. 396. Herman Bell (1975) "Documentary Evidence on the Haraza Nubian...
William Wirges) — Christy Carlson Romano "Hooray for Captain Spaulding/Vive Le Capitaine Spaulding" (Bert Kalmar, Harry Ruby, Philippe Videcoq) — The Helen...
of Lizzie, James, and Peyton Spaulding and is known for her tumultuous relationship with her husband Phillip Spaulding. The character was originally...
Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 March 2022. Retrieved 16 October 2023. Spaulding, M; O'Leary, MA; Gatesy, J (2009). Farke, Andrew Allen (ed.). "Relationships...
Doris became heavily featured in the notable Otalia storyline after Emma Spaulding presented a school project, "My Two Mommies." Doris blasted Emma's mother...
National d’Histoire Naturelle John J. Flynn; John A. Finarelli; Michelle Spaulding (2010). "Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of...
Primeval Sol Cutter, a character from the video game Burn Cycle Captain Spaulding (nicknamed "Cutter"), a character appearing in films by Rob Zombie Cutter...
assistant to Captain Spaulding who helps run the tourist attraction. Michael J. Pollard portrayed Stucky, a friend of Captain Spaulding and Ravelli's. Chad...
of ruminants within the order Artiodactyla, cladistically defined by Spaulding et al. as "the least inclusive clade that includes Bos taurus (cow) and...
Cetancodontamorpha is a total clade of artiodactyls defined, according to Spaulding et al., as Whippomorpha "plus all extinct taxa more closely related to...
Thousands of Mohawks Archived 17 December 2007 at the Wayback Machine Spaulding, W.B. "Smallpox". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Archived from the original...
T.; Lyson, T. R.; Meng, J.; Miller, I. M.; Püschel, H. P.; Smith, T.; Spaulding, M.; Tseng, Z. J.; Brusatte, S. L. (2022). "Brawn before brains in placental...
and whales. Below is a simplified cladogram based on the results of Spaulding et al. (2009) and Yu et al. (2023). When first describing Andrewsarchus...
pp. 16–18. Spaulding 1974, pp. 21–25. O'Fahey & Spaulding 1974, pp. 25–26. Zurawski 2014, pp. 148–149. Zurawski 2014, p. 149. Spaulding 1985, p. 23....
Minghella as Graham Hawtrey Aasif Mandvi as Roger Chetty Josh Brener as Lyle Spaulding Dylan O'Brien as Stuart Twombly Tobit Raphael as Yo-Yo Santos Tiya Sircar...
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