Maritime service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces
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Soviet Navy
Военно-морской флот СССР
Naval ensign of the Soviet Union
Founded
1918 (1918)
Disbanded
14 February 1992 (1992-02-14)
Country
Russian SFSR (1918–1922)
Soviet Union (1922–1991)
CIS (1991–1992)
Allegiance
Communist Party of the Soviet Union (until 1990)
President of the Soviet Union (1990–1991)
Commonwealth of Independent States (1991–1992)
Type
Navy
Size
467,000 personnel (1984)[1]
1,057 ships (1990)
1,172 aircraft (1990)
5 aircraft carriers (1990)
2 helicopter carriers (1990)
3 battlecruisers
30 cruisers
45 destroyers
113 frigates
124 corvettes
63 ballistic missile submarines
72 cruise missile submarine
68 nuclear attack submarine
63 conventional attack submarine
9 auxiliary submarines
35 amphibious warfare ships
425 patrol boats
Part of
Soviet Armed Forces
Nickname(s)
Red Fleet
Engagements
Russian Revolution
Russian Civil War
Polish–Soviet War
Soviet–Japanese border conflicts
Invasion of Poland
Winter War (Finland)
World War II (Great Patriotic War)
Soviet invasion of Manchuria
Vietnam War
1966 Soviet submarine global circumnavigation
Cold War
The attack on the Soviet naval presence
Commanders
Notable commanders
Fleet Admiral Sergey Gorshkov
Fleet Admiral Nikolay Kuznetsov
Vice Admiral Aleksandr Nemits
Vice Admiral Yevgeny Berens
Fleet Admiral Vasili Altfater
Admiral Ivan Yumashev
Insignia
Naval jack
Guards Red Banner naval ensign
Military unit
The Soviet Navy[a] was the naval warfare uniform service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces. Often referred to as the Red Fleet,[b] the Soviet Navy made up a large part of the Soviet Union's strategic planning in the event of a conflict with the opposing superpower, the United States, during the Cold War (1945–1991).[2] The Soviet Navy played a large role during the Cold War, either confronting the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in western Europe or power projection to maintain its sphere of influence in eastern Europe.[3]
The Soviet Navy was divided into four major fleets: the Northern, Pacific, Black Sea, and Baltic Fleets, in addition to the Leningrad Naval Base, which was commanded separately. It also had a smaller force, the Caspian Flotilla, which operated in the Caspian Sea and was followed by a larger fleet, the 5th Squadron, in the Mediterranean Sea. The Soviet Navy included Naval Aviation, Naval Infantry, and the Coastal Artillery.
Soviet Armed Forces
Components
General Staff
Strategic Rocket Forces
Red Army
Soviet Army
Air Defence Forces
Air Forces
Navy
Ranks of the Soviet Military
Military ranks of the Soviet Union
History of the Soviet Military
Military history of the Soviet Union
History of Russian military ranks
v
t
e
The Soviet Navy was formed from the remnants of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russian Civil War. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Russian Federation inherited the largest part of the Soviet Navy and reformed it into the Russian Navy, with smaller parts becoming the basis for navies of the newly independent post-Soviet states.
^"Soviet Military Power 1984 – Chapter III – Theater Forces". Federation of American Scientists. Archived from the original on 4 September 2015. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
^Polmar, Norman; Brooks, Thomas A. (2019). Admiral Gorshkov: The Man Who Challenged the U.S. Navy(google books). Washington DC: Naval Institute Press. pp. i–iii. ISBN 978-1-68247-332-0. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
^Gottfried, Kurt; Bracken, Paul (2019). Reforging European Security: From Confrontation To Cooperation(google books). Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-30934-8.
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