Land warfare branch of the Soviet Armed Forces (1946–1991)
This article is about the Soviet Army between 1946 and 1991. For the Soviet Army from 1918 to 1946, see Red Army.
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Soviet Army
Советская армия
Emblem of the Soviet Army
Founded
25 February 1946
Disbanded
14 February 1992
Country
Soviet Union (1946–1991)
CIS (1991–1992)
Type
Army
Role
Land warfare
Size
3,668,075 active (1991), peak 14,332,483 in 1945)
4,129,506 reserve (1991), peak 17,383,291 in 1945
Nickname(s)
"Red Army"
Motto(s)
За нашу Советскую Родину! Za nashu Sovetskuyu Rodinu! "For our Soviet Motherland!"
Colors
Red and yellow
Equipment
About 55,000 tanks (1991)[1]
Over 70,000 armored personnel carriers[1]
24,000 infantry fighting vehicles
33,000 towed artillery pieces
9,000 self-propelled howitzers
Engagements
Eastern European anti-Communist insurgencies
Korean War
Hungarian Revolution of 1956
Cuban Missile Crisis
Vietnam War
Sino-Soviet border conflict
Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
War of Attrition
Angolan Civil War
Ogaden War
Ethiopian Civil War
Soviet–Afghan War
Revolutions of 1989
1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt
Commanders
Notable commanders
Georgy Zhukov
Military unit
The Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union (Russian: сухопутные войска, tr. Sovetskiye sukhoputnye voyska)[2] was the land warfare service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces from 1946 to 1992. In English it was often referred to as the Soviet Army.[a]
Until 25 February 1946, it was known as the Red Army.[3] In Russian, the term armiya (army) was often used to cover the Strategic Rocket Forces first in traditional Soviet order of precedence; the Ground Forces, second; the Air Defence Forces, third, the Air Forces, fourth, and the Soviet Navy, fifth, among the branches of the Soviet Armed Forces as a whole.[4]
After the Soviet Union ceased to exist in December 1991, the Ground Forces remained under the command of the Commonwealth of Independent States until it was formally abolished on 14 February 1992. The Soviet Ground Forces were principally succeeded by the Ground Forces of the Russian Federation in Russian territory; beyond, many units and formations were taken over by the post-Soviet states; some were withdrawn to Russia, and some dissolved amid conflict, notably in the Caucasus.
^ abInternational Institute for Strategic Studies 1991, p. 37.
^Thomas, Nigel (20 January 2013). World War II Soviet Armed Forces (3): 1944–45. Bloomsbury Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84908-635-6.
^Established by decree on 15 (28) January 1918 "to protect the population, territorial integrity and civil liberties in the territory of the Soviet state."
^Suvorov 1982, p. 51.
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