Global InformationSophoreae information
| Sophoreae | |
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| Sophora tetraptera | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Clade: | Meso-Papilionoideae |
| Clade: | Genistoids |
| Clade: | Core Genistoids |
| Tribe: | Sophoreae (Spreng. ex DC. 1825) Cardoso et al. 2013[1][2] |
| Genera | |
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See text | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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The tribe Sophoreae is one of the subdivisions of the plant family Fabaceae. Traditionally this tribe has been used as a wastebasket taxon to accommodate genera of Faboideae which exhibit actinomorphic, rather than zygomorphic floral symmetry and/or incompletely differentiated petals and free stamens.[2][3][4] Various morphological[5][6][7][8] and molecular[9][10][11][12][13] analyses indicated that Sophoreae as traditionally circumscribed was polyphyletic.[14] This led to a re-circumscription of Sophoreae, which resulted in the transfer of many genera to other tribes (Amburaneae, Angylocalyceae, Baphieae, Camoensieae, the Cladrastis clade, Exostyleae, Leptolobieae, Ormosieae, Podalyrieae, and the Vataireoids).[2] This also necessitated the inclusion of two former tribes, Euchresteae and Thermopsideae, in the new definition of Sophoreae.[2][15][16][17][18] Tribe Sophoreae, as currently circumscribed, consistently forms a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses.[2][12][17][19][20][21][22] The Sophoreae arose 40.8 ± 2.4 million years ago (in the Eocene).[8][23]
Description of morphological synapomorphies has yet to be undertaken, but members of this tribe can be distinguished by the relatively simple flowers, unspecialized pinnate leaves, accumulation of quinolizidine alkaloids,[24] and the presence of free stamens.[2] The tribe does have a node-based definition: the crown clade originating from the most recent common ancestor of Bolusanthus speciosus (Bolus) Harms and Sophora davidii (Franch.) Pavol..[23]
- ^ Wojciechowski MF (2013). "Towards a new classification of Leguminosae: Naming clades using non-Linnaean phylogenetic nomenclature". S Afr J Bot. 89: 85–93. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.06.017.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk B-E, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot. 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001. hdl:10566/3193.
- ^ Polhill RM (1981). "Sophoreae". In Polhill RM, Raven PH (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Parts 1 and 2. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 213–230. ISBN 9780855212247.
- ^ Polhill RM (1994). "Classification of the Leguminosae". In Bisby FA, Buckingham J, Harborne JB (eds.). Phytochemical Dictionary of the Leguminosae, Plants and Their Constituents, Volume 1. Chapman and Hall/CRC Press, London. pp. xxv–xlvii. ISBN 9780412397707.
- ^ Chappill JA (1995). "Cladistic analysis of the Leguminosae: the development of an explicit hypothesis". In Crisp MD, Doyle JJ (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 7: Phylogeny. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 1–9. ISBN 978-0947643799.
- ^ Herendeen PS (1995). "Phylogenetic relationships of the tribe Swartzieae". In Crisp MD, Doyle JJ (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 7: Phylogeny. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 123–132. ISBN 978-0947643799.
- ^ Ferguson IK, Schrire BD, Shepperton R (1994). "Pollen morphology of the tribe Sophoreae and relationships between subfamilies Caesalpinioideae and Papilionoideae". In Ferguson IK, Tucker SC (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 6: Structural Botany. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 53–96. ISBN 978-0947643782.
- ^ a b Crepet WL, Herendeen PS (1992). "Papilionoid flowers from the early Eocene of southeastern North America". In Herendeen PS, Dilcher DL (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 4: The Fossil Record. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 43–55. ISBN 978-0947643409.
- ^ Käss E, Wink M (1996). "Molecular evolution of the Leguminosae: Phylogeny of the three subfamilies based on rbcL-sequences". Biochem Syst Ecol. 24 (5): 365–378. Bibcode:1996BioSE..24..365K. doi:10.1016/0305-1978(96)00032-4.
- ^ Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Palmer JD (1996). "The distribution and phylogenetic significance of a 50-Kb chloroplast DNA inversion in the flowering plant family Leguminosae". Mol Phylogenet Evol. 5 (2): 429–438. doi:10.1006/mpev.1996.0038. PMID 8728401.
- ^ Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Dickson EE, Kajita T, Ohashi H (1997). "A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation". Am J Bot. 84 (4): 541–554. doi:10.2307/2446030. JSTOR 2446030. PMID 21708606.
- ^ a b Pennington RT, Lavin M, Ireland H, Klitgaard B, Preston J, Hu J-M (2001). "Phylogenetic relationships of basal papilionoid legumes based upon sequences of the chloroplast trnL intron". Syst Bot. 55 (5): 818–836. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.537 (inactive 31 January 2024). JSTOR 3093980.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link) - ^ Pennington RT, Klitgaard BB, Ireland H, Lavin M (2000). "New insights into floral evolution of basal Papilionoideae from molecular phylogenies". In Herendeen PS, Bruneau A (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 233–248. ISBN 978-1842460177.
- ^ Pennington RT, Stirton CH, Schrire BD (2005). "Tribe Sophoreae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 227–249. ISBN 978-1900347808.
- ^ Lock JM (2005). "Tribe Thermopsideae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 263–265. ISBN 978-1900347808.
- ^ Ohashi H. (2005). "Tribe Euchresteae". In Lewis G, Schrire B, Mackinder B, Lock M (eds.). Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 260–261. ISBN 978-1900347808.
- ^ a b LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades" (PDF). Taxon. 62 (2): 217–248. doi:10.12705/622.8. hdl:10566/3455.
- ^ Wang HC, Sun H, Compton JA, Yang JB (2006). "A phylogeny of Thermopsideae (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae) inferred from nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences". Bot J Linn Soc. 151 (3): 365–373. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00512.x.
- ^ Hu J-M, Lavin M, Wojciechowski MF, Sanderson MJ (2002). "Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal ITS/5.85 sequences in the tribe Millettieae (Fabaceae): Poecilanthe–Cyclolobium, the core Millettieae, and the Callerya group". Syst Bot. 27 (4): 722–733. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.4.722 (inactive 31 January 2024).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link) - ^ Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M (2012). "Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages". Am J Bot. 99 (12): 1991–2013. doi:10.3732/ajb.1200380. PMID 23221500.
- ^ Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ (2004). "A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family". Am J Bot. 91 (11): 1846–1862. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846. PMID 21652332.
- ^ Kajita T, Ohashi H, Takeishi Y, Bailey CD, Doyle JJ (2001). "RbcL and legume phylogeny, with particular reference to Phaseoleae, Millettieae, and allies". Syst Bot. 26 (3): 515–536. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.515 (inactive 31 January 2024).
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of January 2024 (link) - ^ a b Lavin M, Herendeen PS, Wojciechowski MF (2005). "Evolutionary rates analysis of Leguminosae implicates a rapid diversification of lineages during the tertiary". Syst Biol. 54 (4): 575–94. doi:10.1080/10635150590947131. PMID 16085576.
- ^ Wink M, Mohamed GIA (2003). "Evolution of chemical defense traits in the Leguminosae: mapping of distribution patterns of secondary metabolites on a molecular phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene". Biochem Syst Ecol. 31 (8): 897–917. Bibcode:2003BioSE..31..897W. doi:10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00085-1.