Sophora is a genus of about 45 species of small trees and shrubs in the pea family Fabaceae. The species have a pantropical distribution.[4][5] The generic name is derived from sophera, an Arabic name for a pea-flowered tree.[6]
The genus formerly had a broader interpretation including many other species now treated in other genera, notably Styphnolobium (pagoda tree genus), which differs in lacking nitrogen fixing bacteria (rhizobia) on the roots, and Dermatophyllum (the mescalbeans). Styphnolobium has galactomannans as seed polysaccharide reserve, in contrast Sophora contains arabinogalactans, and Dermatophyllum amylose.
The New Zealand Sophora species are known as kōwhai.[7]
The seeds of species such as Sophora affinis and Sophora chrysophylla are reported to be poisonous.[8]
^Sophora L. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
^"Genus: Sophora L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2006-11-03. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2009-11-23.
^"PLANTS Profile Sophora nuttalliana B.L. Turner silky sophora". USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
^"PLANTS Profile Sophora tomentosa L.yellow necklacepod". USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2011-03-20.
^Gledhill, D. (2008). The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 356. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
^Heenan PB, de Lange PJ, Wilton AD (2001). "Sophora (Fabaceae) in New Zealand: taxonomy, distribution, and biogeography". New Zealand J Bot. 39 (1): 17–53. doi:10.1080/0028825X.2001.9512715.
^Little, Elbert L. (1980). The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Trees: Eastern Region. New York: Knopf. p. 529. ISBN 0-394-50760-6.
States. Sophora comprises the following species: Sophora albescens (Rehder) C.Y. Ma Sophora albopetiolulata Léonard Sophora alopecuroides L.—sophora root...
pagoda tree (also known as the Chinese scholar tree and pagoda tree; syn. Sophora japonica) is a species of tree in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family...
Sophora flavescens, the shrubby sophora, is a species of plant in the genus Sophora of the family Fabaceae. This genus contains about 52 species. It mainly...
Sophora microphylla, commonly known as weeping kōwhai and small-leaved kōwhai, is a species of flowering tree in the family Fabaceae native to New Zealand...
Calia (Fabaceae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 57: 1–4. Uchytil, Ronald J. (1990). "Sophora secundiflora". Fire Effects Information System. United States Forest Service...
Sophora prostrata is commonly known as kōwhai, prostrate kōwhai or dwarf kōwhai and is endemic to the eastern South Island from Marlborough to the Waitaki...
Sophora tomentosa, also known as necklacepod, yellow necklacepod, and occasionally as silver bush, is a pantropical shrub or small tree in the family...
Sophora toromiro, commonly known as toromiro, is a species of flowering tree in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is endemic to Easter Island. Heavy deforestation...
Sophora tetraptera, commonly known as large-leaved kōwhai, is a tree that grows naturally in the central east of the North Island of New Zealand. It has...
Sophora fraseri is a rare species of plant in the family Fabaceae. A shrub to 2 metres tall, found in north eastern New South Wales to south eastern Queensland...
Sophora macrocarpa is a species of flowering tree or shrub of the genus Sophora of the family Fabaceae. It is commonly known as mayú or mayo, and is endemic...
with volatile phytoncides are pine, oak, eucalyptus, and members of the Sophora genus. Some phytoncides affect only insects feeding on the plant, acting...
Sophora masafuerana is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, that is endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands of Chile. It is threatened by...
Sophora howinsula, commonly known as lignum vitae or Lord Howe kowhai, is a flowering plant in the legume family. The specific epithet refers to the island...
Sophora tonkinensis is a herb used in traditional Chinese medicine. Sofalcone is an oral gastrointestinal medication and a synthetic derivative of sophoradin...
Sophora chrysophylla, known as māmane in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the pea and bean family, Fabaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It...
Sophora cassioides is a legume tree endemic to central and southern Chile. It is one of the two species of Sophora endemic to continental Chile along with...
Sophora godleyi, also known as Godley's kōwhai, papa kōwhai or Rangitikei kōwhai, grows naturally in the west of the North Island of New Zealand from...
Uresiphita reversalis, the genista broom moth or sophora worm, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Achille Guenée in 1854. U. reversalis...
scientifically described and named by Carl Linnaeus in 1767 with the name Sophora australis. In 1811 Robert Brown moved it to the genus Baptisia, which had...
Sophora longicarinata is commonly known as kōwhai or limestone kōwhai that grows naturally in a limited range around northern Nelson and also western...
Sophora molloyi, the Cook Strait kōwhai, Molloy's kōwhai or Stephen's Island kōwhai, one of 8 species of kōwhai native to New Zealand, grows naturally...
Sophora wightii is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, that is endemic to Tamil Nadu, India. World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998)...
Sophora saxicola is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, that is endemic to Jamaica. Kelly, D.L. (1998). "Sophora saxicola". IUCN Red...
Sophora mangarevaensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree endemic to the island of Mangareva in the Tuamotu Archipelago...
Sophora rapaensis is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree endemic to the island of Rapa Iti in the Tubuai Islands of French...
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