This article is missing information about the history and public perception of smokeless tobacco products. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page.(October 2023)
Tobacco product used by means other than smoking
A historical depiction of a man taking snuff using his thumb and forefinger
Smokeless tobacco is a tobacco product that is used by means other than smoking.[1] Their use involves chewing, sniffing, or placing the product between gum and the cheek or lip.[1] Smokeless tobacco products are produced in various forms, such as chewing tobacco, snuff, snus, and dissolvable tobacco products.[2] Smokeless tobacco products typically contain over 3000 constituents.[3] Smokeless tobacco is widely used in South Asia and this accounts for about 80% of global consumption, as per WHO data.[4] All smokeless tobacco products contain nicotine[5] and are therefore highly addictive.[6] Quitting smokeless tobacco use is as challenging as smoking cessation.[7]
Smokeless tobacco is much lower on the risk continuum than combusted products but varies in risk within that class of products (e.g., low nitrosamine Swedish-type snus versus other smokeless tobacco with high nitrosamine levels).[8] It is estimated the safety risk of smokeless tobacco is similar to that of electronic cigarettes.[9] There is no safe level of smokeless tobacco use.[7] It is correlated with a number of adverse effects such as dental disease, oral cancer, oesophagus cancer, and pancreas cancer, as well as adverse reproductive effects including stillbirth, premature birth and low birth weight.[6] Smokeless tobacco products contain cancer-causing chemicals.[7] Approximately 28 chemical constituents present in smokeless tobacco are carcinogenic in nature, among which nitrosamine is the most prominent.[10] Smokeless tobacco accounts for an abundance of deaths globally with a significant proportion of them in Southeast Asia.[11]
Smokeless tobacco consumption is widespread throughout the world.[10] Once addicted to nicotine from smokeless tobacco use, many people, particularly young people, expand their tobacco use by smoking cigarettes.[7] Males were more likely than females to have used smokeless tobacco in the past month.[7]
^ abCite error: The named reference FDA2018 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Czoli, Christine D; Fong, Geoffrey T; Mays, Darren; Hammond, David (2016). "How do consumers perceive differences in risk across nicotine products? A review of relative risk perceptions across smokeless tobacco, e-cigarettes, nicotine replacement therapy and combustible cigarettes". Tobacco Control. 26 (e1): tobaccocontrol–2016–053060. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2016-053060. ISSN 0964-4563. PMID 27625408. S2CID 3367137.
^Cite error: The named reference Lauterstein2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Smokeless tobacco, South Asia. "Smokeless tobacco use in South Asia" (PDF).
^Cite error: The named reference DropeCahn2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference VidyasagaranSiddiqi2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcdeCite error: The named reference Lipari2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Abrams, David B.; Glasser, Allison M.; Pearson, Jennifer L.; Villanti, Andrea C.; Collins, Lauren K.; Niaura, Raymond S. (2018). "Harm Minimization and Tobacco Control: Reframing Societal Views of Nicotine Use to Rapidly Save Lives". Annual Review of Public Health. 39 (1): 193–213. doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040617-013849. ISSN 0163-7525. PMC 6942997. PMID 29323611. This article incorporates text by David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Jennifer L. Pearson, Andrea C. Villanti, Lauren K. Collins, and Raymond S. Niaura available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
^Cite error: The named reference Caponnetto2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abCite error: The named reference NiazMaqbool2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference SinhaSuliankatchi2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
Smokelesstobacco products are produced in various forms, such as chewing tobacco, snuff, snus, and dissolvable tobacco products. Smokelesstobacco products...
Smokelesstobacco keratosis (STK) is a condition which develops on the oral mucosa (the lining of the mouth) in response to smokelesstobacco use. Generally...
Herbal smokelesstobacco is any product that imitates types of smokelesstobacco (chewing tobacco, dipping tobacco, snuff, snus, etc.) but does not contain...
tobacco is a type of finely ground or shredded, moistened smokelesstobacco product. It is commonly and idiomatically known as dip. Dipping tobacco is...
Chewing tobacco is a type of smokelesstobacco product that is placed between the cheek and lower gum to draw out its flavor. It consists of coarsely chopped...
traditional types of tobacco products and preparations, relegated to the broad sub-categories of smoked tobacco and smokelesstobacco; the latter two categories...
and hookah tobacco, various types of smokelesstobacco, and more recently electronic cigarettes. Flavored tobacco products are especially popular with...
use in the United States, there has been no change in the use of smokelesstobacco. Some of the tactics utilized by these companies have been noted to...
increasing number of tobacco retailers have now begun to stock it. R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Philip Morris USA, and U.S. SmokelessTobacco Company, and...
population use tobacco products including cigarettes and multiple forms of smokelesstobacco. India has the largest number of smokelesstobacco users in the...
the parent company of Philip Morris USA, John Middleton, Inc., U.S. SmokelessTobacco Company, Inc., and Philip Morris Capital Corporation. Altria also...
smokelesstobacco products, which are far less hazardous, are banned. The exception is Sweden, where there is a long tradition of smokelesstobacco (snus)...
leading manufacturer in the smokelesstobacco market (United States Tobacco Company, now known as U.S. SmokelessTobacco Company) settled with the jurisdictions...
tobacco and nicotine omitted. Like herbal smokelesstobacco, they are often used as a substitute for standard tobacco products (primarily cigarettes).[citation...
bans on tobacco advertising, 2014 Support to help quit tobacco use, 2014 Though tobacco may be consumed by either smoking or other smokeless methods such...
of smokelesstobacco use. He was a national spokesman for Oral Health America's National Spit Tobacco Education Program and participated in tobacco awareness...
of dipping tobacco manufactured by American Snuff Company, a U.S. smokelesstobacco manufacturer which also produces the Grizzly tobacco and Levi Garrett...
American Tobacco welcomes US ban on e-cigarette flavours". Belfast Telegraph. Retrieved 21 May 2020. "BAT finds strong Japan demand for its Glo smokeless tobacco...
combusted tobacco products such as cigarettes and cigars. The risk of early death is anticipated to be similar to that of smokelesstobacco. Since vapor...
Oliver Twist is a brand name of smokelesstobacco manufactured by House of Oliver Twist of Odense, Denmark. The product contains natural nicotine in such...
Global Information
This article incorporates text by David B. Abrams, Allison M. Glasser, Jennifer L. Pearson, Andrea C. Villanti, Lauren K. Collins, and Raymond S. Niaura available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
