A siege that took place in 1644 during the First English Civil War
For the siege by King Stephen during the Anarchy, see Siege of Oxford (1142).
Siege of Oxford
Part of the First English Civil War
A modern-day view of Christ Church, Oxford. King Charles' residence in the city.
Date
First siege 27 May 1644 – 4 June 1644 Second siege 22 May 1645 – 5 June 1645 Third siege 1 May 1646 – 25 June 1646
Location
Oxford, Oxfordshire
Result
Parliamentarian victory
Belligerents
Royalists
Parliamentarians
Commanders and leaders
Charles I Prince Rupert
Sir William Waller Sir Thomas Fairfax
Oxford
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Oxfordshire and Oxford
v
t
e
First English Civil War
1642
1st Hull
Marshall's Elm
Portsmouth
Plymouth
Babylon Hill
Powick Bridge
Kings Norton
Edgehill
Aylesbury
Brentford
Turnham Green
Farnham Castle
Piercebridge
Tadcaster
1st Exeter
Muster Green
1st Bradford
Chichester
1643
Braddock Down
Leeds
1st Middlewich
Hopton Heath
Seacroft Moor
Camp Hill
Lichfield
Ripple Field
Reading
Sourton Down
1st Wardour Castle
Stratton
Wakefield
1st Worcester
Chalgrove Field
Adwalton Moor
2nd Bradford
Burton Bridge
Lansdowne
Roundway Down
1st Bristol
Gainsborough
Gloucester
2nd Hull
Aldbourne Chase
1st Newbury
Winceby
Olney Bridge
1st Basing House
Heptonstall
2nd Wardour Castle
Alton
Bramber Bridge
Arundel
2nd Middlewich
1644
Nantwich
Newcastle
1st Lathom House
Newark
Boldon Hill
Stourbridge Heath
Cheriton
Selby
Lyme Regis
York
Lincoln
1st Oxford
Bolton
2nd Basing House
Tipton Green
Oswestry
Cropredy Bridge
Marston Moor
Gunnislake New Bridge
Ormskirk
Lostwithiel
Tippermuir
1st Aberdeen
Montgomery Castle
1st Chester
1st Taunton
Carlisle
2nd Newbury
1645
Inverlochy
High Ercall Hall
Weymouth
Scarborough Castle
2nd Taunton
Auldearn
3rd Taunton
2nd Oxford
Leicester
Naseby
Alford
2nd Lathom House
Langport
Hereford
Kilsyth
2nd Bristol
Philiphaugh
2nd Chester
Rowton Heath
Sherburn in Elmet
3rd Basing House
Annan Moor
Denbigh Green
Shelford House
Newark
1646
Bovey Heath
Torrington
Stow-on-the-Wold
3rd Oxford
2nd Aberdeen
Lagganmore
2nd Worcester
The siege of Oxford comprised the English Civil War military campaigns waged to besiege the Royalist controlled city of Oxford, involving three short engagements over twenty-five months, which ended with a Parliamentarian victory in June 1646.
The first engagement was in May 1644, during which King Charles I escaped, thus preventing a formal siege. The second, in May 1645, had barely started when Sir Thomas Fairfax was given orders to stop and pursue the King to Naseby instead. The last siege began in May 1646 and was a formal siege of two months; but the war was obviously over and negotiation, rather than fighting, took precedence. Being careful not to inflict too much damage on the city, Fairfax even sent in food to the King's second son, James, and was happy to conclude the siege with an honourable agreement before any further escalation occurred.
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A siege (Latin: sedere, lit. 'to sit') is a military blockade of a city, or fortress, with the intent of conquering by attrition, or by well-prepared assault...
Oxford Castle is a large, partly ruined medieval castle on the western side of central Oxford in Oxfordshire, England. Most of the original moated, wooden...
15 June 1646,[citation needed] during the siegeofOxford he married Bridget Cromwell, eldest daughter of Oliver Cromwell. The marriage brought Ireton's...
his skill for siege warfare at Bridgwater and Bristol. After taking Berkeley Castle in December 1645, he moved onto the SiegeofOxford, which surrendered...
royalists, and then the siegeofOxford, from which Charles escaped (disguised as a servant) in April 1646. He put himself into the hands of the Scottish presbyterian...
to lay siege to Oxford, the Royalist wartime capital. On 31 May, the Royalists stormed Leicester and Fairfax was instructed to abandon the siege and engage...
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Charles I flees Oxford in disguise and begins his journey from Oxford to the Scottish army camp near Newark. 2–17 May: Third SiegeofOxford by Parliamentarian...
of the Scots Covenanter army there. Oxford capitulated in June 1646 following the final siege, and by the end of September 1646 Charles had neither army...
the Army began a siegeofOxford, sending a detachment of one regiment of cavalry and four of infantry to reinforce the defenders of Taunton. After the...
A History of Spelsbury. Banbury: Cheney and Sons. p. 20. Gilmour, Lauren (1992). "The Chadlington Sword — and the end of the siegeofOxford?" (PDF). Oxoniensia...
Global Information
Royalists
Parliamentarians
