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The Kingdom of Serbia was one of the major parties in the two Balkan Wars (8 October 1912 – 18 July 1913), gaining land in both conflicts. It experienced significant territorial gains in the Central Balkans, nearly doubling its territory.
The Serbian National Army during the First Balkan War
During the First Balkan War, most of the Kosovo Vilayet was taken by Serbia, while parts of the region of Metohija were taken by the Kingdom of Montenegro, a close ally. Over the centuries, populations of ethnic Serbs and Albanians tended to shift following territorial handovers. As a result of the multi-ethnic composition of Kosovo, the new administration provoked a mixed response from the local population. The ethnic Albanian population did not welcome Serbian rule and many were forced to flee the country. [1][2] Kosovo Vilayet was agreed to be incorporated into Serbia[3][better source needed] and northern Metohija was agreed to be incoperated into Montenegro at the Treaty of London in May 1913. [4]
Disagreements regarding the territory of Macedonia among the members of the Balkan League led to the Second Balkan War, during which Serbia, Greece, and allies fought against Bulgaria in 1913. The new borders were ratified at the Treaty of Bucharest the same year. Serbia gained control over the land that became known as Vardar Macedonia (Present-day North Macedonia).[citation needed] In 1918, Serbia became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes, renamed Yugoslavia in 1929.
^"Kosovo - History | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 3 February 2023.
^Malcolm, Noel (26 February 2008). "Is Kosovo Serbia? We ask a historian". The Guardian. London.
^"(HIS,P) Treaty of Peace between Greece, Bulgaria, Montenegro, Serbia on the one part and Turkey on the other part. (London) May 17/30, 1913". Retrieved 9 May 2015.
^"The Treaty of London, 1913". Archived from the original on 1 May 1997. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
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