The Second Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية الثانية, romanized: Al-Jumhūrīyah A-Thāniyah) is Lebanon's current republican system of government. It was established on 22 October 1989 by Lebanese political leaders and business people under the Taif Agreement.[1][2]
The Second Republic emerged from the slow erosion of the Lebanese Civil War and ratification of the National Reconciliation Accord, replacing the disproportional representation of the religious sects in Lebanon from 55:45 to 1:1 proportional representation of Christians and Muslims in parliament and political powers of Muslim-reserved prime ministerial position strengthened over Christian-reserved presidency position. This agreement, however, was put into practice on 24 December 1990. René Moawad was the first head of state to have been elected under this republic.[3]
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^Norton, Augustus Richard (1991). "Lebanon after Ta'if: Is the Civil War over?". Middle East Journal. 45 (3): 457–473. JSTOR 4328316.
^Laura Etheredge (15 January 2011). Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 151. ISBN 978-1-61530-329-8. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
^Hudson, Michael C. (1985). "The Breakdown of Democracy in Lebanon". Journal of International Affairs. 38 (2): 277–292. JSTOR 24356914.
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