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Seasonal breeder information


Seasonal breeders are animal species that successfully mate only during certain times of the year. These times of year allow for the optimization of survival of young due to factors such as ambient temperature, food and water availability, and changes in the predation behaviors of other species.[1] Related sexual interest and behaviors are expressed and accepted only during this period. Female seasonal breeders will have one or more estrus cycles only when she is "in season" or fertile and receptive to mating. At other times of the year, they will be anestrus, or have a dearth of their sexual cycle. Unlike reproductive cyclicity, seasonality is described in both males and females.[citation needed] Male seasonal breeders may exhibit changes in testosterone levels, testes weight, and fertility depending on the time of year.[2]

Seasonal breeders are distinct from opportunistic breeders, that mate whenever the conditions of their environment become favorable, and continuous breeders that mate year-round.

  1. ^ Prendergast BJ (2005). "Internalization of seasonal time". Horm. Behav. 48 (5): 503–11. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2005.05.013. PMID 16026787. S2CID 24785237.
  2. ^ Johnson, A.D. (1970). Development, Anatomy, and Physiology. Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-386601-4.

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low, mewling cry to its mate or offspring. The European polecat is a seasonal breeder, with no courtship rituals. During the mating season, the male grabs...

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low branches barely a week after hatching. Helmeted guinea fowl are seasonal breeders. Summer is the peak breeding season in which the testes could weigh...

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trees up to a height of 5.4 m (17 ft 9 in). The klipspringer is a seasonal breeder; the time when mating occurs varies geographically. Females become...

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nests throughout the year in the moist tropics, elsewhere it is a more seasonal breeder with a peak in breeding coinciding with the onset of the rainy season...

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higher reproductive success compared to sub-adults. Great tits are seasonal breeders. The exact timing of breeding varies by a number of factors, most...

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(photoperiodic) seasonal functions such as reproduction, behavior, coat growth, and camouflage coloring in seasonal animals. In seasonal breeders that do not...

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