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Sea ice growth processes information


Sea ice is a complex composite composed primarily of pure ice in various states of crystallization, but including air bubbles and pockets of brine. Understanding its growth processes is important for climate modellers and remote sensing specialists, since the composition and microstructural properties of the ice affect how it reflects or absorbs sunlight.

A thin section of sea ice seen through cross-polarized light. All crystals (they have different interference colors) contain inclusions of brine (saline solution) and air - these lie within the (0001) crystallographic plane.
Nilas Ice formation at sea.

Sea ice growth models for predicting the ice distribution and extent are also valuable for shipping. An ice growth model can be combined with remote sensing measurements in an assimilation model as a means of generating more accurate ice charts.

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Sea ice growth processes

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growth processes is important for climate modellers and remote sensing specialists, since the composition and microstructural properties of the ice affect...

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Sea ice

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ingredients are the ice dynamics and the thermodynamical properties (see Sea ice emissivity modelling, Sea ice growth processes and Sea ice thickness). There...

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Sea ice thickness

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frozen—see sea ice growth processes. It is also important for navigators on icebreakers since there is an upper limit to the thickness of ice any ship can...

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Rotten ice

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David N.; Bareiss, Jörg (2001). "Surface properties and processes of perennial Antarctic sea ice in summer". Journal of Glaciology. 47 (159): 613–625. Bibcode:2001JGlac...

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Past sea level

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glaciers, polar ice caps and sea ice. Over geological timescales, changes in the shape of the oceanic basins and in land/sea distribution affect sea level. In...

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Measurement of sea ice

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See sea ice growth processes. Sea ice mass balance is the balance of how much the ice grows in the winter and melts in the summer. For Arctic sea ice virtually...

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Sea level rise

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accumulates and over time forms glacial ice. If precipitation, surface processes and ice loss at the edge balance each other, sea level remains the same. Because...

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Outline of oceanography

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seabed Sea ice concentration – The area of sea ice relative to the total area at a given point in the ocean Sea ice emissivity modelling – Sea ice growth processes...

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Grease ice

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of solid sea ice after ice floes and then frazil ice. New sea ice formation takes place throughout the winter in the Arctic. The first ice that forms...

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Sea ice emissivity modelling

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interest in sea ice and its effects on the global climate, efficient methods are required to monitor both its extent and exchange processes. Satellite-mounted...

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Mount Takahe

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is almost entirely covered by ice of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, which rises about 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) above sea level. A tributary of the Thwaites...

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Ross Ice Shelf

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France). It is several hundred metres thick. The nearly vertical ice front to the open sea is more than 600 kilometres (370 mi) long, and between 15 and...

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Frazil ice

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absent in ice frozen before 1945 — in the basal ice of several glaciers (signifying young ice) and the observation of rapid growth of ice crystals around...

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Antarctic ice sheet

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longer buttressed by ice shelves. This process has never been observed and it only occurs in some models. Such processes may increase sea level rise caused...

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Brine rejection

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expelled. Since the oceans are salty, this process is important in nature. Salt rejected by the forming sea ice drains into the surrounding seawater, creating...

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Ice

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as frost. The transition from ice to water is melting and from ice directly to water vapor is sublimation. These processes plays a key role in Earth's water...

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Ice calving

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important second order calving process as it undercuts the subaerial ice, leading to collapse. Other second order processes include tidal and seismic events...

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Weddell Sea

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forcing, significantly modified by sea ice processes, ocean dynamics at the continental shelf break, and slope and sub-ice shelf water mass transformation...

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Fractional freezing

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to desalinate sea water. In a process that naturally occurs with sea ice, frozen salt water, when partially melted, leaves behind ice that is of a much...

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Arctic sea ice decline

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Sea ice in the Arctic region has declined in recent decades in area and volume due to climate change. It has been melting more in summer than it refreezes...

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Ice sheet

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which falls onto the ice sheet never melts, and is instead compressed by the mass of newer snow layers. This process of ice sheet growth is still occurring...

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Climate change

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variability processes can make any year 0.2 °C warmer or colder than the average. From 1998 to 2013, negative phases of two such processes, Pacific Decadal...

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Aeolian processes

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name of the Greek god Aeolus, the keeper of the winds. Aeolian processes are those processes of erosion, transport, and deposition of sediments that are...

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Hippophae

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2007-09-12. (Suppl 2) "Sea Buckthorn Ice Cream "Autumn kiss"". Food Recipes Hub. 2019. Retrieved 1 August 2022. "Sea Buckthorn Ice". Eis Perfecto. Retrieved...

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Phases of ice

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(2004). "Amorphous and crystalline ice on the Galilean satellites: A balance between thermal and radiolytic processes". Journal of Geophysical Research...

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