Location of Santa Anita Assembly Center in the Los Angeles metropolitan area
The Temporary Detention Camp for Japanese Americans / Santa Anita Assembly Center is one of the places Japanese Americans were held during World War II. The Santa Anita Assembly Center was designated a California Historic Landmark (No.934.07) on May 13, 1980. The Santa Anita Assembly Center is located in what is now the Santa Anita Racetrack in Arcadia, California in Los Angeles County.
After the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, there was fear that some Japanese Americans may be loyal to the Empire of Japan and Emperor of Japan. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, signed Executive Order 9066. Executive Order 9066 authorized the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones, clearing the way for the incarceration of Japanese Americans, German Americans, and Italian Americans in U.S. concentration camps. The Santa Anita Racetrack was selected as one of the Southern California detention camps. The other Los Angeles County camp selected was the Pomona assembly center at the Los Angeles County Fairgrounds in Pomona, California. Pomona assembly center is also a California Historical Landmark (No.934.04). A California Historical Landmark Plaque for the Santa Anita Assembly Center is located Santa Anita Racetrack, 285 West Huntington Drive, Arcadia, CA 91007, in front of the Grandstand entrance.[1]
The Santa Anita Assembly Center opened on March 27, 1942. The center at its peak housed 18,719 Japanese Americans. Horse stables were converted to living areas, 500 new barracks were built in the parking lot and single males were housed in the existing grandstand building. Like the Burbank Airport, there was a camouflage net put over detention camp as the center operated under military contract. On August 4, 1942, a riot broke out at the Santa Anita Assembly Center. The camp closed on October 27, 1942. Once the permanent concentration camps were built most of the Santa Anita Assembly Center inmates transferred to Heart Mountain Relocation Center, Rohwer War Relocation Center, Granada War Relocation Center, and Jerome War Relocation Center.[2][3][4][5]
Main article: Internment of Japanese Americans
In California, thirteen temporary detention facilities were built. Large venues that could be sealed off were used such as fairgrounds, horse racing tracks and Works Progress Administration labor camps. These temporary detention facilities held Japanese Americans while permanent concentration camps were built-in more isolated areas. In California Camp Manzanar and Camp Tulelake were built. Executive Order 9066 took effect on March 30, 1942. The order had all native-born Americans and long-time legal residents of Japanese ancestry living in California to surrender themselves for detention.
Japanese Americans were held to the end of the war in 1945. In total 97,785 Californians of Japanese ancestry were held during the war.
[6][7][8][9]
^Cal, Parks Marker, 655, Temporary Detention Camp for Japanese Americans/Santa Anita Assembly Center
^Jeffery F. Burton, et al., Confinement and Ethnicity: An Overview of World War II Japanese American Relocation Sites (Western Archeological and Conservation Center, National Park Service, 1999, 2000), Chapter 16, accessed online on August 22, 2013. U.S. Army, Final Report: Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast, 1942 (Washington, D.C.: GPO, 1943), 158–159.
^U.S. Army, Final Report, 201–202; Santa Anita Pacemaker, June 2, 1942, 3.
^"The Forgotten History of the Santa Anita Assembly Center Riots during Japanese Internment, by the US. History Scene". Archived from the original on 2019-02-11. Retrieved 2019-08-27.
^United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation. Federal Bureau of Investigation, Report: Internal Conditions, Santa Anita Assembly Center; Riot of Evacuees; Miscellaneous Reports. N.p.: United States. War Relocation Authority, Compiler, n.d. Online Archive of California. Web.
^ Semiannual Report of the War Relocation Authority, for the period January 1 to June 30, 1946, not dated. Papers of Dillon S. Myer. Scanned image at Archived 2018-06-16 at the Wayback Machine trumanlibrary.org. Retrieved September 18, 2006.
^"The War Relocation Authority and The Incarceration of Japanese Americans During World War II: 1948 Chronology," Web page Archived 2018-06-16 at the Wayback Machine at www.trumanlibrary.org. Retrieved September 11, 2006.
^"Manzanar National Historic Site". National Park Service.
^Nash, Gary B., Julie Roy Jeffrey, John R. Howe, Peter J. Frederick, Allen F. Davis, Allan M. Winkler, Charlene Mires, and Carla Gardina Pestana. The American People, Concise Edition Creating a Nation and a Society, Combined Volume (6th Edition). New York: Longman, 2007
and 27 Related for: Santa Anita Assembly Center information
Americans / SantaAnitaAssemblyCenter is one of the places Japanese Americans were held during World War II. The SantaAnitaAssemblyCenter was designated...
SantaAnita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United...
The SantaAnita Ordnance Training Center also called Camp SantaAnita was training center built for World War II. SantaAnita Ordnance Training Center Rifle...
The other Los Angeles County camp selected was the SantaAnitaassemblycenter at the SantaAnita Racetrack, which is also a California Historic Landmark...
Utah.: 15 Most internees arrived at Topaz from the Tanforan or SantaAnitaAssemblyCenters; the majority hailed from the San Francisco Bay Area. Sixty-five...
Manzanar AssemblyCenter, which was operated by the Wartime Civil Control Administration. After that, it was published at the Manzanar Relocation Center until...
themselves for removal. The "evacuees" were taken first to temporary assemblycenters, requisitioned fairgrounds and horse racing tracks where living quarters...
first was sent to SantaAnitaAssemblyCenter in Pasadena, California, and then to Amache Relocation Center (Granada Relocation Center). Havey graduated...
been removed from their West Coast homes and placed in temporary "assemblycenters" (run by a separate military body, the Wartime Civilian Control Administration...
was the second-largest assemblycenter by population, but still held less than half the population at SantaAnitaAssemblyCenter. The last detainees left...
Americans were moved into temporary assemblycenters before being transferred to more permanent and isolated relocation centers like Granada. Run by the War...
Sacramento AssemblyCenter a temporary detention center for interned Japanese Americans in 1942. The site is one of 12 California assemblycenters that share...
California, consists primarily of the site of the Tule Lake War Relocation Center, one of ten concentration camps constructed in 1942 by the United States...
May 8, as the Parker Dam Reception Center, one of two such sites that augmented the 15 temporary "assemblycenters" where Japanese Americans waited to...
000 Japanese Americans who were imprisoned at the Minidoka War Relocation Center during the Second World War. Among the inmates, the notation 峰土香 or 峯土香...
California assemblycenters. These early arrivals were forced to work on construction of their incarceration quarters. This was the last center to open and...
Kansuma and her family were first sent to the SantaAnitaAssemblyCenter and then to Rohwer War Relocation Center. Upon her arrival at Rohwer, she was permitted...
detention centers in North Dakota, New Mexico, and Texas. At the age of 13, Edison Uno was himself apprehended, and eventually taken to the SantaAnita Assembly...
The Gila River War Relocation Center was an American concentration camp in Arizona, one of several built by the War Relocation Authority (WRA) during the...
Internment Writing, 1942–1945 (1975) Media related to Sharp Park Detention Center at Wikimedia Commons "Sharp Park (detention facility)", Densho Encyclopedia...
Japanese Americans Pomona assemblycenter) Pomona 934.07 Temporary detention camp for Japanese Americans SantaAnitaassemblycenter 285 W. Huntington 34°08′19″N...
The Rohwer War Relocation Center was a World War II Japanese American concentration camp located in rural southeastern Arkansas, in Desha County. It was...