SUMO enzymatic cascade catalyzes the dynamic posttranslational modification process of sumoylation (i.e. transfer of SUMO protein to other proteins). The Small Ubiquitin-related Modifier, SUMO-1,[1][2] is a ubiquitin-like family member that is conjugated to its substrates through three discrete enzymatic steps (see the figure on the right): activation, involving the E1 enzyme (SAE1/SAE2);[3] conjugation, involving the E2 enzyme (UBE2I);[4][5] substrate modification, through the cooperation of the E2 and E3[6] protein ligases.[7]
SUMO pathway modifies hundreds of proteins that participate in diverse cellular processes.[8] SUMO pathway is the most studied ubiquitin-like pathway that regulates a wide range of cellular events,[9] evidenced by a large number of sumoylated proteins identified in more than ten large-scale studies.[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][excessive citations]
^Johnson, E.S. Protein modification by SUMO. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 73, 355–382 (2004)
^Boggio R et al., A mechanism for inhibiting the SUMO pathway. Mol Cell. 2004 Nov 19;16(4):549-61
^Bernier-Villamor, V. , Sampson, D.A. , Matunis, M.J. & Lima, C.D. Structural basis for E2-mediated SUMO conjugation revealed by a complex between ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 and RanGAP1. Cell 108, 345–356
^Lin, D. et al. Identification of a substrate recognition site on Ubc9. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 21740–21748 (2002)
^Reverter, D. & Lima, C.D. Insights into E3 ligase activity revealed by a SUMO-RanGAP1-Ubc9-Nup358 complex. Nature 435, 687–692
^Melchior, F. , Schergaut, M. & Pichler, A. SUMO: ligases, isopeptidases and nuclear pores. Trends Biochem. Sci. 28, 612–618
^Johnson ES. Protein modification by SUMO. Annu Rev Biochem 2004;73:355–82
^O. Kerscher, R. Felberbaum and M. Hochstrasser, Modification of proteins by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. (2006) Jun 5, Electronic publication ahead of print
^W. Zhou, J.J. Ryan and H. Zhou, Global analyses of sumoylated proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Induction of protein sumoylation by cellular stresses, J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004), pp. 32262–32268
^T. Li, E. Evdokimov, R.F. Shen, C.C. Chao, E. Tekle, T. Wang, E.R. Stadtman, D.C. Yang and P.B. Chock, Sumoylation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins, zinc finger proteins, and nuclear pore complex proteins: a proteomic analysis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 101 (2004), pp. 8551–8556
^J.A. Wohlschlegel, E.S. Johnson, S.I. Reed and J.R. Yates, 3rd, Global analysis of protein sumoylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, J. Biol. Chem. (2004)
^V.G. Panse, U. Hardeland, T. Werner, B. Kuster and E. Hurt, A proteome-wide approach identifies sumoylated substrate proteins in yeast, J. Biol. Chem. (2004)
^A.C. Vertegaal, S.C. Ogg, E. Jaffray, M.S. Rodriguez, R.T. Hay, J.S. Andersen, M. Mann and A.I. Lamond, A proteomic study of SUMO-2 target proteins, J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004), pp. 33791–33798
^[72] C. Denison, A.D. Rudner, S.A. Gerber, C.E. Bakalarski, D. Moazed and S.P. Gygi, A proteomic strategy for gaining insights into protein sumoylation in yeast, Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4 (2005), pp. 246–254
^J.T. Hannich, A. Lewis, M.B. Kroetz, S.J. Li, H. Heide, A. Emili and M. Hochstrasser, Defining the SUMO-modified proteome by multiple approaches in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, J. Biol. Chem. 280 (2005), pp. 4102–4110
^Y. Zhao, S.W. Kwon, A. Anselmo, K. Kaur and M.A. White, Broad spectrum identification of cellular small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) substrate proteins, J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004), pp. 20999–21002
^L.L. Manza, S.G. Codreanu, S.L. Stamer, D.L. Smith, K.S. Wells, R.L. Roberts and D.C. Liebler, Global shifts in protein sumoylation in response to electrophile and oxidative stress, Chem. Res. Toxicol. 17 (2004), pp. 1706–1715
^T. Li, R. Santockyte, R.F. Shen, E. Tekle, G. Wang, D.C. Yang and P.B. Chock, A general approach for investigating enzymatic pathways and substrates for ubiquitin-like modifiers, Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 453 (2006), pp. 70–74
^G. Rosas-Acosta, W.K. Russell, A. Deyrieux, D.H. Russell and V.G. Wilson, A universal strategy for proteomic studies of SUMO and other ubiquitin-like modifiers, Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4 (2005), pp. 56–72
SUMO enzymatic cascade catalyzes the dynamic posttranslational modification process of sumoylation (i.e. transfer of SUMO protein to other proteins)....
In molecular biology, SUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier) proteins are a family of small proteins that are covalently attached to and detached from other...
conjugation, and ligation, performed by ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s), and ubiquitin ligases (E3s), respectively. The...
Ubiquitin-like 1-activating enzyme E1B (UBLE1B) also known as SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 2 (SAE2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the UBA2...
They found 8 functional SUMO genes in addition to copies of SUMOenzymes E1, E2, and E3. They found two copies of the E2 enzymes in the A. thaliana genome...
ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) propeptide, Smt3 The enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae can also recognize small ubiquitin-like modifier 1 (SUMO-1) from human....
by the ubiquitination machinery; ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1s), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2s) and ubiquitin ligases (E3s). The end result is...
SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the UBE2I gene. It is also sometimes referred to as "ubiquitin conjugating enzyme...
E3 SUMO-protein ligase PIAS2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PIAS2 gene. Protein inhibitor of activated STAT2 has been shown to interact...
encoded by the SUMO1 gene. This gene encodes a protein that is a member of the SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) protein family. It is a ubiquitin-like protein...
specific peptidase 2". Zhang H, Saitoh H, Matunis MJ (September 2002). "Enzymes of the SUMO modification pathway localize to filaments of the nuclear pore complex"...
Peninsula, Japan Oga, a frazione of Valdisotto, Italy Oga Atsushi, a Japanese sumo wrestler My Oga at the top, Nigerian Pidgin English term for "boss" or "leader"...
monomeric protein, and the UBA1 for the ubiquitin-like protein (Ubls) NEDD8 and SUMO are heterodimeric complexes with similar molecular weights. All eukaryotic...
ubiquitin ligase) is a protein that recruits an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that has been loaded with ubiquitin, recognizes a protein substrate, and...
sometimes protect their proteins against the denaturing influence of heat with enzymes known as heat shock proteins (a type of chaperone), which assist other...
steps involving multiple enzymes to activate, conjugate and target the substrate. The catalysis is performed by one enzyme and the only precursor step...
surrounds the peroxisomal matrix containing a wide variety of proteins and enzymes that participate in anabolism and catabolism. Peroxisomes are specialized...
side chains to proteins such as ubiquitin and SUMO in the protein degradation pathway. In eukaryotes, enzymes with isopeptidase activity are often involved...
International French School Singapore International Futures International Sumo Federation Internationale Filmschule Köln, a filmschool in Cologne, Germany...
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