Alphabet that uses letters from the Cyrillic script
Russian Cyrillic alphabet
Русская кириллическая азбука
Script type
Alphabet
Time period
10th century (Old East Slavic) to present;
modern orthography: 1918
Languages
Russian
Related scripts
Parent systems
Egyptian hieroglyphs[1]
Phoenician alphabet
Greek alphabet (partly Glagolitic alphabet)
Early Cyrillic alphabet
Russian Cyrillic alphabet
Child systems
Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet
ISO 15924
ISO 15924
Cyrl(220), Cyrillic
Unicode
Unicode alias
Cyrillic
Unicode range
subset of Cyrillic (U+0400...U+04FF)
This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. For the distinction between [ ], / / and ⟨⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.
The Russian alphabet (ру́сский алфави́т, russkiy alfavit,[a] or ру́сская а́збука, russkaya azbuka,[b] more traditionally) is the script used to write the Russian language. It comes from the Cyrillic script, which was devised in the 9th century for the first Slavic literary language, Old Slavonic. Initially an old variant of the Bulgarian alphabet,[2] it became used in the Kievan Rusʹ since the 10th century to write what would become the modern Russian language.
The modern Russian alphabet consists of 33 letters: twenty consonants (⟨б⟩, ⟨в⟩, ⟨г⟩, ⟨д⟩, ⟨ж⟩, ⟨з⟩, ⟨к⟩, ⟨л⟩, ⟨м⟩, ⟨н⟩, ⟨п⟩, ⟨р⟩, ⟨с⟩, ⟨т⟩, ⟨ф⟩, ⟨х⟩, ⟨ц⟩, ⟨ч⟩, ⟨ш⟩, ⟨щ⟩), ten vowels (⟨а⟩, ⟨е⟩, ⟨ё⟩, ⟨и⟩, ⟨о⟩, ⟨у⟩, ⟨ы⟩, ⟨э⟩, ⟨ю⟩, ⟨я⟩), a semivowel / consonant (⟨й⟩), and two modifier letters or "signs" (⟨ъ⟩, ⟨ь⟩) that alter pronunciation of a preceding consonant or a following vowel.
Russian alphabet
Listen to the Russian alphabet
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^Himelfarb, Elizabeth J. "First Alphabet Found in Egypt", Archaeology 53, Issue 1 (Jan./Feb. 2000): 21.
^Crampton, R. J.; Crampton, B. J. (12 March 1987). A Short History of Modern Bulgaria. CUP Archive. ISBN 978-0-521-27323-7.
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