The process of transferring property to the ownership of religious organizations
Russian Church property restitution is an inaccurate term used by some mass media[1] (the issue of restitution in the Russian Federation (RF) has never been officially raised by anyone)[2] to refer to the process of transferring to the ownership of religious organizations (primarily the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC)) certain categories of property owned by several religious structures before 1918 (the ROC, as a centralized religious organization with the rights of a legal entity in the Russian Empire, did not have the rights of a religious organization) and transferred, in accordance with the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic of January 20, 1918 "On Separation of Church from State and School from Church",[3] to the ownership of the state — the Soviet Union, and after 1991, by succession, to the Russian Federation.
On November 30, 2010, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev signed[4] the Federal Law of the Russian Federation # 327-FZ "On the Transfer of Religious Property Owned by the State or Municipalities to Religious Organizations", which defines "the procedure of free transfer of religious property owned by the federal government, constituent territories of the Russian Federation or municipalities to religious organizations for ownership or free use".[5]
Between 1995 and 2010, about 1.1 thousand religious buildings were transferred to religious organizations (9.9% of the number of cultural objects that are religious monuments as of December 1995). According to Law 327, by 2018 about one thousand buildings will be transferred to the Russian Orthodox Church. Thus, by 2018, about 80% of the surviving religious monuments nationalized during the Soviet period remained in the hands of the state.
^Церковная реституция. Archive: 6 May 2010 на Wayback Machine. // Коммерсантъ. — 18 June 2007.
^Святейший Патриарх Алексий подтвердил, что Русская Церковь не требует от государства реституции церковного имущества. Archive: 20 September 2008 на Wayback Machine. Официальный сайт РПЦ, 9 April 2008.
^Об отделении церкви от государства и школы от церкви (Декрет Совета Народных Комиссаров). Дата обращения: 13 February 2010. Archive: 8 November 2012.
^Подписан закон о передаче религиозным организациям имущества религиозного назначения. Archive: 22 January 2012 на Wayback Machine на официальном сайте Президента России.
^Федеральный закон Российской Федерации от 30 ноября 2010 г. No. 327-ФЗ «О передаче религиозным организациям имущества религиозного назначения, находящегося в государственной или муниципальной собственности». Archive: 7 January 2011 на Wayback Machine // Российская газета. — 3 December 2010.
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