1593, by Pan-Orthodox Synod of Patriarchs at Constantinople
Separations
Spiritual Christianity (16th century onwards)
Old Believers (mid-17th century)
Catacomb Church (1925)
True Russian Orthodox Church (2007; very small)
Ukrainian Orthodox Church (2022)
Latvian Orthodox Church (2022)
Members
110 million (95 million in Russia, total of 15 million in the linked autonomous churches)[8][9][10][11]
Other name(s)
Russian Church
Moscow Patriarchate
Official website
patriarchia.ru
Part of a series on the
Eastern Orthodox Church
Mosaic of Christ Pantocrator, Hagia Sophia
Overview
Structure
Theology (History of theology)
Liturgy
Church history
Holy Mysteries
View of salvation
View of Mary
View of icons
Background
Crucifixion / Resurrection / Ascension of Jesus
Christianity
Christian Church
Apostolic succession
Four Marks of the Church
Orthodoxy
Organization
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Autocephaly
Patriarchate
Ecumenical Patriarch
Episcopal polity
Canon law
Clergy
Bishops
Priests
Deacons
Monasticism
Degrees
Bratstvo
Autocephalous jurisdictions
Autocephalous Churches who are officially part of the communion:
Constantinople
Alexandria
Antioch
Jerusalem
Russia
Serbia
Romania
Bulgaria
Georgia
Cyprus
Greece
Poland
Albania
Czech Lands and Slovakia
North Macedonia
Autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous Churches de jure:
America
Autocephaly and canonicity recognized by Constantinople and 3 other autocephalous Churches:
Ukraine (OCU)
Spiritual independence recognized by Georgian Orthodox Church:
Ukraine (UOC)
Autonomous jurisdictions
Sinai
Finland
Estonia (EP)
Japan (MP)
China (MP)
Americas (RP)
Bessarabia (RP)
Moldova (MP)
Semi-Autonomous:
Crete (EP)
Estonia (MP)
ROCOR (MP)
Episcopal assemblies
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Spain and Portugal
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United States of America
Noncanonical jurisdictions
Old Believers
Spiritual Christianity
True Orthodoxy
Catacomb Church
Old Calendarists
American Orthodox Catholic Church
American World Patriarchs
National churches:
Abkhazia
Belarus
Italy
Latvia
Montenegro
Turkey
UOC–KP
Evangelical Orthodox
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First Seven Ecumenical Councils:
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Seventh
Other possible ecumenical councils:
Eighth
Ninth
Other important councils:
Quinisext Council
Jassy
Moscow
Jerusalem
Constantinople (1872)
History
Church Fathers
Pentarchy
Byzantine Empire
Christianization of Georgia
Christianization of Bulgaria
Christianization of Kievan Rus'
Great Schism
Russia
Ottoman Empire
North America
Moscow–Constantinople schism
15th–16th c.
1996
2018
Theology
History of Eastern Orthodox theology
(20th century (Neo-Palamism))
Apophaticism
Chrismation
Contemplative prayer
Essence vs. Energies
Hesychasm
Holy Trinity
Hypostatic union
Icons
Metousiosis
Mystical theology
Nicene Creed
Nepsis
Oikonomia vs Akribeia
Ousia
Palamism
Philokalia
Phronema
Sin
Theosis
Theotokos
Differences from the Catholic Church
Opposition to the Filioque
Opposition to papal supremacy
Liturgy and worship
Divine Liturgy
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Akathist
Apolytikion
Artos
Ectenia
Euchologion
Holy Water
Iconostasis
Jesus Prayer
Kontakion
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Liturgical fans
Lity
Memorial service
Memory Eternal
Omophorion
Eastern Orthodox bowing
Eastern Orthodox marriage
Praxis
Paraklesis
Paschal greeting
Paschal Homily
Paschal troparion
Prayer rope
Prosphora
Russian bell ringing
Semantron
Sign of the cross
Sticheron
Troparion
Vestments
Use of incense
Liturgical calendar
Paschal cycle
12 Great Feasts
Other feasts:
Feast of Orthodoxy
Intercession of the Theotokos
The four fasting periods:
Nativity Fast
Great Lent
Apostles' Fast
Dormition Fast
Major figures
Athanasius of Alexandria
Ephrem the Syrian
Basil of Caesarea
Cyril of Jerusalem
Gregory of Nazianzus
Gregory of Nyssa
John Chrysostom
Cyril of Alexandria
John Climacus
Maximus the Confessor
John of Damascus
Theodore the Studite
Kassiani
Cyril and Methodius
Photios I of Constantinople
Gregory Palamas
Other topics
Architecture
Folk
Encyclical of the Eastern Patriarchs
Eastern Orthodox cross
Saint titles
Statistics by country
v
t
e
The Russian Orthodox Church (ROC; Russian: Русская православная церковь, romanized: Russkaya pravoslavnaya tserkov', abbreviated as РПЦ), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate (Russian: Московский патриархат, romanized: Moskovskiy patriarkhat),[12] is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox Christian church. It has 194 dioceses inside Russia.[13] The primate of the ROC is the Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'.
The Christianization of Kievan Rus' commenced in 988 with the baptism of the Rus' Grand Prince of Kiev—Vladimir the Great—and his people by the clergy of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. The ecclesiastical title of Metropolitan of Kiev and all Rus' remained in the jurisdiction of the Ecumenical Patriarchate until 1686.
The ROC currently claims exclusive jurisdiction over the Eastern Orthodox Christians, irrespective of their ethnic background, who reside in the former member republics of the Soviet Union, excluding Georgia. The ROC also created the autonomous Church of Japan and Chinese Orthodox Church. The ROC eparchies in Belarus and Latvia, since the fall of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, enjoy various degrees of self-government, albeit short of the status of formal ecclesiastical autonomy.
The ROC should also not be confused with the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (or ROCOR, also known as the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad), headquartered in the United States. The ROCOR was instituted in the 1920s by Russian communities outside the Soviet Union, which had refused to recognise the authority of the Moscow Patriarchate that was de facto headed by Metropolitan Sergius Stragorodsky. The two churches reconciled on 17 May 2007; the ROCOR is now a self-governing part of the Russian Orthodox Church.
^ abcd"Внутренняя жизнь и внешняя деятельность Русской Православной Церкви с 2009 года по 2019 год". www.patriarchia.ru (in Russian).
^"Доклад Святейшего Патриарха Кирилла на Епархиальном собрании г. Москвы (20 декабря 2019 года) / Патриарх / Патриархия.ru". www.patriarchia.ru (in Russian).
^"Russian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)". World Council of Churches. January 1961. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
^Voronov, Theodore (13 October 2001). "The Baptism of Russia and Its Significance for Today". orthodox.clara.net. Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 12 July 2007.
^Damick, Andrew S. "Life of the Apostle Andrew". chrysostom.org. Archived from the original on 27 July 2007. Retrieved 12 July 2007.
^Voronov, Theodore (13 October 2001). "The Baptism of Ukraine and Its Significance for Today". orthodox.clara.net. Archived from the original on 18 April 2007. Retrieved 12 July 2007.
^"Primacy and Synodality from an Orthodox Perspective". Retrieved 5 March 2015.
^"Religions in Russia: a New Framework". www.pravmir.com. Archived from the original on 25 December 2012. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
^"Number of Orthodox Church Members Shrinking in Russia, Islam on the Rise - Poll". www.pravmir.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2013. Retrieved 25 December 2012.
^"Russian Orthodox Church | History & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. 27 January 2024.
^Brien, Joanne O.; Palmer, Martin (2007). The Atlas of Religion. Univ of California Press. p. 22. ISBN 978-0-520-24917-2.
^"I. Общие положения – Русская православная Церковь". www.patriarchia.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 5 March 2015.
^Hanna, Alfred. "Union Between Christians".
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