Cross of Burgundy shown on the standards of the royal armies between 1761–1843
Active
1804–1826
Country
Viceroyalty of Peru (Spain)
Allegiance
The King of Spain
Role
Land and guerrilla warfare
Size
In Upper and Lower Peru:
1809: 1,500[1]–5 000[2][3]
1813: 8,000[1]
1818: 11,500[2][3]
1820 (August): 23,000[4][5]
1822: 20,000[6]
1823 (February): 18,000[7]–23,000[2][3]
1823 (September): 9,000[7]
1824 (January): 18,000[8]
1824 (August): 11,000–11,500[9]
1824 (September): 14,287[10]
1824 (December): 18,558[11]
Part of
Spanish Army
Engagements
Spanish American wars of independence
Commanders
Notable commanders
Marquess of Concordia (1809–16) Marquess of Viluma (1816–21) Count of the Andes (1821–24)
Military unit
v
t
e
Peruvian War of Independence
Autonomous uprisings
Goyeneche campaign [es]
1st Tacna [es]
Huánuco [es]
2nd Tacna [es]
Camiara [es]
Cuzco
Huanta
Chacaltaya [es]
Apacheta [es]
Matará [es]
Umachiri [es]
Aymaraes [es]
Southern liberation campaign
Paracas [es]
1st Arenales [es]
2nd Arenales [es]
Aznapuquio [es]
Ataura [es]
Quiapata [es]
Miller campaign [es]
1st Callao
Quito campaign [es]
Ica
Paras [es]
Caucato [es]
1st Intermedios
Torata
Moquegua
Northern liberation campaign
Maynas War of Independence
1st Higos Urco
2nd Higos Urco
Habana
Colombian intervention [es]
Balconcillo mutiny
2nd Intermedios
Zepita
Arequipa [es]
Falsuri [es]
Callao mutiny [es]
Olañeta rebellion [es]
Junín
Bellavista [es]
Corpahuaico [es]
Ayacucho
Last bastions
Sucre campaign
2nd Callao
Conquest of Chiloé [es]
Iquicha War
Naval campaigns
Brown's Expedition [es]
Cochrane campaign [es]
Guruceta campaign [es]
Naval Blockade of Callao [es]
The Royal Army of Peru (Spanish: Ejército Real del Perú),[12] also known as the National Army (Spanish: Ejército Nacional), was the army organised by the viceroy of Peru, José Fernando de Abascal, to protect the Hispanic Monarchy in the Viceroyalty of Peru—and its surrounding provinces of Charcas, Chile and Quito—of the revolutions that convulsed the Spanish Empire at the beginning of the 19th century. This army was made up of 80% Creoles and indigenous Peruvians.[13]
^ abHamnett, Brian R. (2000). La política contrarevolucionaria del Virrey Abascal: Peru, 1806-1816. Lima: Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, p. 12.
^ abcHistoria de las Cortes de España, y examen histórico-crítico de las mismas desde el casamiento de S. M. la reina Doña Isabel II. Libro de los diputados célebres, p. 112
^ abcCompendio de historia de América: pte. 4. La revolución, p. 257
^Frederick Alexander Kirkpatrick (1930). Compendio De Historia Argentina. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (CUP), p. 119. Translation by Joaquín Casalduero and Juan Mascaró.
^Norberto Galasso (2000). Seamos Libres y lo Demás No Importa Nada: Vida de San Martín. Buenos Aires: Ediciones Colihue SRL, pp. 335. ISBN 978-950-581-779-5.
^María Lourdes Díaz-Trechuelo Spinola (1999). Bolívar, Miranda, O'higgins, San Martín: Cuatro vidas cruzadas. Madrid: Encuentro, pp. 137. ISBN 978-84-7490-533-5.
^ abMariano Torrente (1828). Geografía universal física, política é histórica. Volume II. Madrid: Imprenta de Don Miguel de Burgos, pp. 488.
^Guillermo A. Sherwell (2006). Simon Bolivar: The Liberator. Teddington: Echo Library, pp. 80. ISBN 978-1-4068-0550-5.
^Francisco Antonio Encina (1954). Emancipación de la Presidencia de Quito, del Virreinato de Lima y del Alto Perú. Santiago de Chile: Editorial Nascimento, pp. 457.
^Valega, José Manuel & Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (1942). La gesta emancipadora del Perú: 1823-1824 (Personalidad de Bolívar, La campaña de Ayacucho). Tomo VI. Lima: Empresa Editora Peruana S. A. y Librería e Imprenta Miranda, pp. 140.
^Restrepo, José Manuel (1858). Historia de la revolución de República de Colombia en la América meridional. Tomo III. Besanzón: Imprenta de José Jacquin, pp. 624, note 25.
^Maldonado Favarato, Horacio; Carcelén Reluz, Carlos Guillermo (2013). "El ejército realista en el Perú a inicios del XIX. Las nuevas técnicas artillería e ingeniería y la represión a los alzamientos en Quito y el Alto Peru". Cuadernos de Marte (5): 9–43. ISSN 1852-9879 – via Dialnet.
^Paredes Laos, Jorge (2021-01-29). "Bicentenario. Natalia Sobrevilla: "El 80 % del ejército realista eran criollos e indígenas"". El Comercio.
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