For other kinds of conflict, see Conflict (disambiguation).
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Role conflict occurs when there are incompatible demands placed upon a person relating to their job or position.[1] People experience role conflict when they find themselves pulled in various directions as they try to respond to the many statuses they hold.[2] Role conflict can be something that can be for either a short period of time, or a long period of time, and it can also be connected to situational experiences.[further explanation needed]
Intra-role conflict occurs when the demands are within a single domain of life, such as on the job. An example would be when two superiors ask an employee to do a task, and both cannot be accomplished at the same time. Inter-role conflict occurs across domains of life. An example of inter-role conflict would be a husband and father who is also Chief of Police. If a tornado strikes the small town he is living in, the man has to decide if he should go home and be with his family and fulfill the role of being a good husband and father or remain and fulfill the duties of a "good" Chief of Police because the whole town needs his expertise."[3]
Conflict among the roles begins because of the human desire to reach success, and because of the pressure put on an individual by two imposing and incompatible demands competing against each other. The effects of role conflict, as found through case-studies and nationwide surveys, are related to individual personality characteristics and interpersonal relations.[4] Individual personality characteristic conflicts can arise within personality role conflict where "aspects of an individual's personality are in conflict with other aspects of that same individual's personality".[5] Interpersonal relations can cause conflict because they are by definition "having an association between two or more people that may range from fleeting to enduring, which can cause that conflict."
Example: "People in modern, high-income countries juggle many responsibilities demanded by their various statuses and roles. As most mothers can testify both parenting and working outside the home are physically and emotionally draining. Sociologists thus recognize role conflict as conflict among the roles corresponding to two or more statuses".[6]: 90
The discipline of group dynamics in psychology recognizes role conflict within a group setting. Members of a group may feel that they are responsible for more than one role within this setting and that these roles may become disagreeable with each other. When the expectations of two or more roles are incompatible, role conflict exists. For example, a supervisor at a factory may feel strain due to his or her role as friend and mentor to the subordinate employees, while having to exhibit a stern and professional watchful eye over the employees.
^Katz, D., & Kahn, R. L. (1978). The social psychology of organizations 2ed. New York City: John Wiley.
^Gerber, Linda M.; Macionis, John J. (2010). Sociology (7th Canadian ed.). Pearson Canada. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-13-800270-1.
^Peters, Joan K. (1997). When Mothers Work: Loving Our Children Without Sacrificing Our Selves. ISBN 0-201-12794-6. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
^Kahn, R.L.; Wolfe D.M.; Quinn R.P.; Snoek J.D.; Rosenthal R.A. (2010). "Organizational stress: studies in role conflict and ambiguity". APA PsycNET.
^Cite error: The named reference Truett was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Macionis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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