Rabbis and poskim who lived approximately during the 11th–15th centuries
Rabbinical eras
Chazal
Zugot
Tannaim
Amoraim
Savoraim
Geonim
Rishonim
Acharonim
v
t
e
Rishonim (Hebrew:[ʁiʃoˈnim]; Hebrew: ראשונים, lit. 'the first ones'; sing. ראשון, Rishon) were the leading rabbis and poskim who lived approximately during the 11th to 15th centuries, in the era before the writing of the Shulchan Aruch (שׁוּלחָן עָרוּך, "Set Table", a common printed code of Jewish law, 1563 CE) and following the Geonim (589–1038 CE). Rabbinic scholars subsequent to the Shulchan Aruch are generally known as acharonim ("the latter ones").
The distinction between the Rishonim and the Geonim is meaningful historically; in halakha (Jewish law) the distinction is less important. According to a widely held view in Orthodox Judaism, the Acharonim generally cannot dispute the rulings of rabbis of previous eras unless they find support from other rabbis in previous eras. On the other hand, this view is not formally a part of halakha itself, and according to some rabbis is a violation of the halakhic system.[1] In The Principles of Jewish Law, Orthodox rabbi Menachem Elon writes that:
[such a view] "inherently violates the precept of Hilkheta Ke-Vatra'ei, that is, the law is according to the later scholars. This rule dates from the Geonic period. It laid down that until the time of Rabbis Abbaye and Rava (4th century) the halakha was to be decided according to the views of the earlier scholars, but from that time onward, the halakhic opinions of post-talmudic scholars would prevail over the contrary opinions of a previous generation.[2]
^See Kesef Mishna (Maamrim 2:2), Kovetz Igros Chazon Ish (2:26)
Rishonim (Hebrew: [ʁiʃoˈnim]; Hebrew: ראשונים, lit. 'the first ones'; sing. ראשון, Rishon) were the leading rabbis and poskim who lived approximately during...
the two major Babylonian Academies of Sura and Pumbedita; 650–1038. The Rishonim ("firsts") are the rabbis of the late medieval period (c. 1038–1563), preceding...
The Hasideans (Hebrew: חסידים הראשונים, Hasidim ha-Rishonim, Greek Ἀσιδαῖοι or Asidaioi, also transcribed as Hasidaeans and Assideans) were a Jewish group...
lecturer and author. He published about 40 volumes of never before seen Rishonim. Rabbi Blau was born in Hamburg, Germany on 15 October 1912 (4th of Cheshvan...
composed a short version of Birkat Hamazon based on the Rambam and other Rishonim, if it is difficult for one to say the full version that is customary,...
Yitzhak Isaac Halevy (Rabinowitz) (September 21, 1847 – May 15, 1914) (Hebrew: יצחק אייזיק הלוי) was a rabbi, Jewish historian, and founder of the Agudath...
The Three Oaths is the popular name for a midrash found in the Talmud, which relates that God adjured three oaths upon the world. Two of the oaths pertain...
Wayback Machine. Globes. Personal email correspondence between Pardes Hannah Rishonim Museum representative and Wikipedia editor, April 2022| "This [identification...
abideth a priest continually'). Hebrew-language Torah commentarians of the Rishonim era (11th to 15th centuries) have explained the (seemingly) abrupt intrusion...
Gaon Emunoth ve-Deoth (Saadia Gaon) The Siddur by Amram Gaon Responsa The Rishonim are the rabbis of the early medieval period (1000 - 1550) The commentaries...
(Hebrew) Abrabanel's Commentary on the First Prophets (Pirush Al Nevi'im Rishonim), end of II Kings, pp. 680–681, Jerusalem 1955 (Hebrew). Josephus Flavius...
Tamid (Hebrew: תָמִיד, romanized: tāmiḏ, lit. 'daily offerings') is the ninth tractate in Kodashim, which is the fifth of the six orders of the Mishnah...
order to appear neat in their places of employment. According to some Rishonim, it is the day on which the plague that killed Rabbi Akiva's 24,000 disciples...
considered as "mitzvot" binding on other persons. In rabbinic literature, Rishonim and later scholars composed to articulate and justify their enumeration...
on the 18th day of the Hebrew month of Iyar. According to some of the Rishonim, it is the day on which the plague that killed Rabbi Akiva's 24,000 disciples...
Chaim Dov Rabinowitz encompassing the whole of the Tanakh. Based on the Rishonim, he spent more than 60 years compiling this massive commentary which is...
additional revi'it of wine is also sufficient according to the opinion of most Rishonim. Nevertheless, some Jews recite kiddush only when about to partake of a...
Global Information