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According to Jewish tradition, the Torah contains 613 commandments (Hebrew: תרי״ג מצוות, romanized: taryág mitsvót). This tradition is first recorded in the 3rd century CE, when Rabbi Simlai mentioned it in a sermon that is recorded in Talmud Makkot 23b.[1] Other classical sages who hold this view include Rabbi Simeon ben Azzai[2] and Rabbi Eleazar ben Yose the Galilean.[3] It is quoted in Midrash Exodus Rabbah 33:7, Numbers Rabbah 13:15–16; 18:21 and Talmud Yevamot 47b. The 613 commandments include "positive commandments", to perform an act (mitzvot aseh), and "negative commandments", to abstain from an act (mitzvot lo taaseh). The negative commandments number 365, which coincides with the number of days in the solar year, and the positive commandments number 248, a number ascribed to the number of bones and main organs in the human body.[4]
Although the number 613 is mentioned in the Talmud, its real significance increased in later medieval rabbinic literature, including many works listing or arranged by the mitzvot. The most famous of these was an enumeration of the 613 commandments by Maimonides. While the total number of commandments is 613, no individual can perform all of them. Many can only be observed at the Temple in Jerusalem, which no longer stands. According to one standard reckoning,[5] there are 77 positive and 194 negative commandments that can be observed today, of which there are 26 commands that apply only within the Land of Israel.[6] In addition, some commandments only apply to certain categories of Jews: some are only observed by kohanim, and others only by men or by women.
^Israel Drazi (2009). Maimonides and the Biblical Prophets. Gefen Publishing House Ltd. p. 209.
^Sifre, Deuteronomy 76
^Midrash Aggadah to Genesis 15:1
^Babylonian Talmud, Makkot 23b-24a
^Chofetz Chaim (1990). Sefer HaMitzvot HaKatzar (in Hebrew). Jerusalem: Feldheim. pp. 9, 16, 17.
^Yisrael Meir Kagan, The Concise Book of Mitzvoth: The Commandments which can be Observed Today, Trans., Charles Wengrov. Feldheim, 1990.
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commandments. According to Jewish tradition, the 613commandments contain 365 negative commandments and 248 positive commandments. Many commandments concern...
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version of the seven Noahide laws can be found in the Tosefta: Seven commandments were commanded of the sons of Noah: concerning adjudication (dinim) concerning...
punishment. Positive commandments require an action to be performed and are considered to bring the performer closer to God. Negative commandments (traditionally...
by halakha. Various other animal-related rules are contained in the 613commandments. Leviticus 11:3–8 and Deuteronomy 14:4–8 both give the same general...
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was superseded by faith in Jesus and the gospel (the New Covenant). 613commandments Documentary hypothesis Hebrew Bible Kashrut Mosaic authorship Papyrus...
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Chōrēb; Latin in the Vulgate: Horeb) is the mountain at which the Ten Commandments were given to Moses by God, according to the Book of Deuteronomy in the...
is in the Talmud in the tractate "Maseket Sofrim". In the Torah's 613commandments, the second to last is that every Jew should write a sefer Torah before...
meant to be comprehensive for use by their judiciary; for example, the 613commandments, or the United States Code. The collected works of Aristotle is a compendium...
Look up commandment in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Commandment may refer to: The Ten Commandments One of the 613 mitzvot of Judaism The Great Commandment...
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activities among men (#157) and bestiality (#155–156) are among the 613commandments as listed by Maimonides in the 12th century; however, their source...
observe the Torah's commandments: "At five years old one should study the Scriptures, at ten years for the Mishnah, at 13 for the commandments..." Elsewhere...
through the observance of the 613commandments. The qlippoth hatme'ot would be indirectly redeemed through the negative commandments, which merely require abstention...
of spiritual and physical exile and redemption, the meaning of the 613commandments, and the messianic rectification of existence. Tikkun also means the...
structures of society Law of Moses Mitzvah, divine commandment The Ten Commandments613commandments Seven Laws of Noah, laws applicable to all of humanity...
covenant with the Jewish people at Mount Sinai, and revealed his laws and 613commandments to them in the form of the Written and Oral Torah. In Rabbinic Judaism...
evil to disappear. This is accomplished through observance of the 613commandments in the Torah, which deal primarily with physical objects wherein good...
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