Technique for mapping neural circuits in the "upstream" direction, from target to source
PVH neurons of Long-Evans rat marked with retrograde tracer fluoro-gold
Retrograde tracing is a research method used in neuroscience to trace neural connections from their point of termination (the synapse) to their source (the cell body). Retrograde tracing techniques allow for detailed assessment of neuronal connections between a target population of neurons and their inputs throughout the nervous system. These techniques allow the "mapping" of connections between neurons in a particular structure (e.g. the eye) and the target neurons in the brain. The opposite technique is anterograde tracing, which is used to trace neural connections from their source to their point of termination (i.e. from cell body to synapse). Both the anterograde and retrograde tracing techniques are based on the visualization of axonal transport.
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Retrogradetracing is a research method used in neuroscience to trace neural connections from their point of termination (the synapse) to their source...
property Anterograde tracing, and Retrogradetracing, biological research techniques used to map the connections of neurons Call tracing, a procedure that...
and retrogradetracing techniques are based on the visualization of the biological process of axonal transport. The anterograde and retrogradetracing techniques...
in Sri Lanka Cholera toxin B, a subunit of cholera toxin used for retrogradetracing Christchurch Transport Board, a defunct municipal public transport...
axon in the anterograde direction. Retrogradetracing is the use of a tracer that moves from synapse to soma. Retrograde transport uses a protein called...
Anterograde tracing, for labeling from the cell body to synapse; Retrogradetracing, for labeling from the synapse to cell body; Viral neuronal tracing, for...
fibers originate predominantly in the trigeminal ganglion: a combined retrogradetracing- and immunohistochemical study of the rat". Brain Research. 984 (1–2):...
the superior tarsal (Müller's) muscle in the cynomolgus monkey: a retrogradetracing study". Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science. 34 (7): 2333–40...
hypometabolism (with 18F-FDG PET) has been defined in Alzheimer's disease. A retrogradetracing experiment on macaque monkeys revealed that the ventral anterior nucleus...
dorsal versus ventral premotor areas in the macaque monkey: A multiple retrogradetracing study". BMC Neuroscience. 6: 67. doi:10.1186/1471-2202-6-67. PMC 1314896...
neuronal projections. A neuronal tracer may be retrograde, anterograde, or work in both directions. A retrograde tracer is taken up in the terminal of the...
dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the pigeon—an anterograde and retrogradetracing study with cholera-toxin conjugated to horseradish-peroxidase". Brain...
to the pontine micturition center (M-region). An anterograde and retrogradetracing study in the cat". Neurosci. Lett. 166 (1): 93–6. doi:10.1016/0304-3940(94)90848-6...
"Somatostatin-containing neuron systems in the rat hypothalamus: retrogradetracing and immunohistochemical studies". The Journal of Comparative Neurology...
are broken down by lysosomes. Movement toward the cell body is called retrograde transport and movement toward the synapse is called anterograde transport...
prefrontal cortex, and lateral hypothalamus: a single and double retrogradetracing study in rats". Brain Structure & Function. 221 (6): 2937–62. doi:10...
all aspects of the face. Through the combination of anterograde and retrogradetracing techniques in monkeys it was found that the facial nucleus, which...
Nehalata Malhotra, a young woman who regresses to childhood as result of retrograde amnesia after suffering a head injury in a car crash. She was lost, and...
slow pathway and the retrograde conduction is via the fast pathway ("slow-fast" AVNRT).[citation needed] Because the retrograde conduction is via the...
detailed retrograde labeling of neuronal cell bodies. Reiner A, Veenman CL, Medina L, Jiao Y, Del Mar N, Honig MG (2000). "Pathway tracing using biotinylated...
amygdala, lateral hypothalamic area, and parvocellular reticular nucleus. Retrograde studies have shown that the deep mesencephalic reticular formation and...
occurs when there is a periastron shift during each orbital cycle. A retrograde Newtonian shift can occur when the central mass is extended rather than...
heart). In "retrograde" flow, the flow would reverse (e.g. veins flow away from heart or arteries flow towards the heart). However, "retrograde" flow can...
In this article, both distinctions are shown as they are helpful when tracing the origin of English words. See also Latin phonology and orthography....
same as that of its orbit. East longitudes are used if the rotation is retrograde. The notion of longitude for Greeks was developed by the Greek Eratosthenes...
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