Coronal section of the pons, at its upper part.[1] (Formatio reticularis labeled at left.)
Traverse section of the medulla oblongata at about the middle of the olive. (Formatio reticularis grisea and formatio reticularis alba labeled at left.)
Details
Location
Brainstem, hypothalamus and other regions
Identifiers
Latin
formatio reticularis
MeSH
D012154
NeuroNames
1223
NeuroLex ID
nlx_143558
TA98
A14.1.00.021 A14.1.05.403 A14.1.06.327
TA2
5367
FMA
77719
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and other regions. It is not anatomically well defined, because it includes neurons located in different parts of the brain. The neurons of the reticular formation make up a complex set of networks in the core of the brainstem that extend from the upper part of the midbrain to the lower part of the medulla oblongata.[2] The reticular formation includes ascending pathways to the cortex in the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) and descending pathways to the spinal cord via the reticulospinal tracts.[3][4][5][6]
Neurons of the reticular formation, particularly those of the ascending reticular activating system, play a crucial role in maintaining behavioral arousal and consciousness. The overall functions of the reticular formation are modulatory and premotor,[A]
involving somatic motor control, cardiovascular control, pain modulation, sleep and consciousness, and habituation.[7] The modulatory functions are primarily found in the rostral sector of the reticular formation and the premotor functions are localized in the neurons in more caudal regions.
The reticular formation is divided into three columns: raphe nuclei (median), gigantocellular reticular nuclei (medial zone), and parvocellular reticular nuclei (lateral zone). The raphe nuclei are the place of synthesis of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which plays an important role in mood regulation. The gigantocellular nuclei are involved in motor coordination. The parvocellular nuclei regulate exhalation.[8]
The reticular formation is essential for governing some of the basic functions of higher organisms and is one of the phylogenetically oldest portions of the brain.[citation needed]
^Gray, Henry. "Fig. 701: Henry Gray (1825–1861). Anatomy of the Human Body. 1918". Bartleby.com. Archived from the original on 2018-04-21. Retrieved 2019-09-12.
^ abPurves, Dale (2011). Neuroscience (5. ed.). Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer. pp. 390–395. ISBN 978-0878936953.
^Cite error: The named reference ARAS was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^Cite error: The named reference Human Neuroanatomy – Reticular Formation was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"the definition of reticular activating system". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 2017-02-05.
^Jones, BE (2008). "Modulation of cortical activation and behavioral arousal by cholinergic and orexinergic systems". Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1129 (1): 26–34. Bibcode:2008NYASA1129...26J. doi:10.1196/annals.1417.026. PMID 18591466. S2CID 16682827.
^Cite error: The named reference Saladin2018-p518-519 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^"The Brain From Top To Bottom". Thebrain.mcgill.ca. Archived from the original on 2016-04-23. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
Cite error: There are <ref group=upper-alpha> tags or {{efn-ua}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=upper-alpha}} template or {{notelist-ua}} template (see the help page).
and 28 Related for: Reticular formation information
The reticularformation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located in the brainstem, hypothalamus, and other regions. It is not anatomically well...
The paramedian pontine reticularformation, also known as PPRF or paraabducens nucleus, is part of the pontine reticularformation, a brain region without...
midbrain reticularformation (MRF), also known as reticularformation of midbrain, mesencephalic reticularformation, tegmental reticularformation, and formatio...
transmitting an image. McCulloch also posited the concept of "poker chip" reticularformations as to how the brain deals with contradictory information in a democratic...
pontine reticularformation (MPRF) is a part of the human brain located in the pons of the brainstem (specifically the central pontine reticularformation)....
The caudal pontine reticular nucleus or nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis is a portion of the reticularformation, composed of gigantocellular neurons...
trigeminal nucleus (Main V in the diagram below) receive input from the reticularformation and cerebellar cortex. This information contributes to the final...
The reticulotegmental nucleus, tegmental pontine reticular nucleus (or pontine reticular nucleus of the tegmentum) is an area within the floor of the...
The gigantocellular reticular nucleus (Gi) is a subregion of the medullary reticularformation. As the name indicates, it consists mainly of so-called...
and arousal are not fully known, the reticularformation is known to play a role in these. The ascending reticular activating system is a postulated group...
Hazrati, 1995) It has been suggested that the reticular nucleus receives afferent input from the reticularformation[citation needed] and in turn projects to...
moving object while staying in focus. To the reticularformation. Signals sent to the reticularformation signal the new posture the body has taken on...
includes various different structures, such as the rostral end of the reticularformation, several nuclei controlling eye movements, the periaqueductal gray...
reproductive system respiratory system restiform body rete rete testis reticularformationreticular nucleus of thalamus reticulospinal tract reticulum (anatomy)...
nuclei are traditionally considered to be the medial portion of the reticularformation, and appear as a ridge of cells in the center and most medial portion...
ventral to the cerebral aqueduct. Several nuclei, tracts, and the reticularformation are contained here. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is composed...
is a group of large motor neurons, situated deep in the medullary reticularformation named by Jacob Clarke. The nucleus ambiguus contains the cell bodies...
saccades. It is caused by damage to the brainstem paramedian pontine reticularformation cells or the cerebellar neurons controlling those cells. Nystagmus...
various parts of the brain, such as the hypothalamus, thalamus, and reticularformation. Neuron cell bodies of the SN are roughly somatotopically arranged...
depends upon reticular components which reside in the midbrain, diencephalon and pons. It is said that the midbrain reticularformation may be viewed...
syndrome. The pons first evolved as an offshoot of the medullary reticularformation. Since lampreys possess a pons, it has been argued that it must have...
lateral lemniscus is located where the cochlear nuclei and the pontine reticularformation (PRF) crossover. The PRF descends the reticulospinal tract where...
(ventral) horn cells. Extrapyramidal tracts are chiefly found in the reticularformation of the pons and medulla, and target lower motor neurons in the spinal...
Gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) Gigantocellular reticular nucleus, a subregion of the medullary reticularformation Glycemic index, measuring a food's effect...
anterior grey column of the spinal cord. They receive input from the reticularformation of the pons in the brainstem. Their axons are smaller than those...
or people walking in a line. The lesions that disturb brainstem reticularformation or thalamic targets seem to be the source behind peduncular hallucinosis...
periaqueductal gray. These convey an impulse to neurons in the medullary reticularformation which project down the reticulospinal tract and synapse with the...
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