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The reinforcement of 3D printed concrete is a mechanism where the ductility and tensile strength of printed concrete are improved using various reinforcing techniques, including reinforcing bars, meshes, fibers, or cables. The reinforcement of 3D printed concrete is important for the large-scale use of the new technology, like in the case of ordinary concrete. With a multitude of additive manufacturing application in the concrete construction industry—specifically the use of additively constructed concrete in the manufacture of structural concrete elements[1]—the reinforcement and anchorage technologies vary significantly. Even for non-structural elements, the use of non-structural reinforcement such as fiber reinforcement is not uncommon.[2] The lack of formwork in most 3D printed concrete makes the installation of reinforcement complicated. Early phases of research in concrete 3D printing primarily focused on developing the material technologies of the cementitious/concrete mixes. These causes combined with the non-existence of codal provisions on reinforcement and anchorage for printed elements speak for the limited awareness and the usage of the various reinforcement techniques in additive manufacturing.[3][4] The material extrusion-based printing of concrete is currently favorable both in terms of availability of technology and of the cost-effectiveness. Therefore, most of the reinforcement techniques developed or currently under development are suitable to the extrusion-based 3D printing technology.[5]
^"ERDC researchers are a driving force in construction scale 3D printing". Engineer Research and Development Center. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
^Khan, Mohammad S.; Sanchez, Florence; Zhou, Hongyu (2020). "3-D printing of concrete: Beyond horizons". Cement and Concrete Research. 133: 106070. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106070.
^Menna, Costantino; Mata-Falcón, Jaime; Bos, Freek P.; Vantyghem, Gieljan; Ferrara, Liberato; Asprone, Domenico; Salet, Theo; Kaufmann, Walter (16 April 2020). "Opportunities and challenges for structural engineering of digitally fabricated concrete". Cement and Concrete Research. 133: 106079. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106079. hdl:20.500.11850/410593. S2CID 218795787.
^Bos, Freek; Wolfs, Rob; Salet, Theo (2020). "CCR Digital Concrete 2020 SI: Editorial". Cement and Concrete Research. 135: 106157. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106157. S2CID 225346198.
^Mechtcherine, V.; Bos, F.P.; Perrot, A.; da Silva, W.R. Leal; Nerella, V.N.; Fataei, S.; Wolfs, R.J.M.; Sonebi, M.; Roussel, N. (2020). "Extrusion-based additive manufacturing with cement-based materials – Production steps, processes, and their underlying physics: A review" (PDF). Cement and Concrete Research. 132: 106037. doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2020.106037. S2CID 216237233.
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