French priests refusing loyalty to the Civil Constitution of the Clergy
Prints opposing the "patriotic priest taking the civic oath in good faith" to the "aristocratic priest" fleeing the same oath (1790)
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly abolished the traditional structure of the Catholic Church in France and reorganized it as an institution within the structure of the new French government through the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. One of the new requirements placed upon all clergy was the necessity of an oath of loyalty to the State before all foreign influences such as the Pope. This created a schism within the French clergy, with those taking the oath known as juring priests [fr], and those refusing the oath known as non-juring clergy or refractory clergy.
French clergy, with those taking the oath known as juring priests [fr], and those refusing the oath known as non-juring clergy or refractoryclergy. In the...
that all refractory priest could no longer practice marriages and baptisms which were public ceremonies. By not allowing refractoryclergy to practice...
XVI's successor, would one day rule France. The royalists and the refractoryclergy, including those preparing the insurrection in Vendée, supported Marie...
especially outside Paris, and would only drive them into the arms of the refractoryclergy, which is exactly what happened with disastrous results in the Vendée...
Pope Pius VII, put an end to the rift between the sworn clergy ("jureur") and the refractoryclergy (who had refused to take the oath). The First Consul...
priests ("jurors"), also known as "constitutional clergy", and nonjuring priests as "refractoryclergy". In September 1792, the Legislative Assembly legalized...
French Republic). The victims were 160 Catholic priests known as 'refractoryclergy' (French: clergé réfractaire) who had been arrested in the area. After...
its enactment, obstinate, anti-republican Catholic priests, called 'refractoryclergy' (French: clergé réfractaire), were alleged to be royalist suspects...
The following is a list of English words without rhymes, called refractory rhymes—that is, a list of words in the English language that rhyme with no other...
Stanislas Fréron and Jean-Paul Marat reproached his sympathies for the refractoryclergy. During the Varennes affair, he revealed himself as a docile executor...
expropriated and priests killed or forced to leave France. Later in 1792, "refractory priests" were targeted and replaced with their secular counterpart from...
1789, for a meeting of the Estates General, an assembly of the nobility, clergy, and commoners (the Third Estate), which has not met since 1614. August...
and the majority obeyed him. Against these "unsworn" (insermentés) or "refractory" priests a period of persecution soon began. The Legislative Assembly...
was burnt down. The Christian inhabitants of the notoriously poor and refractory Midan district outside the walls (mostly Orthodox) were, however, protected...
of the Clergy, and "swear to be faithful to the nation and to maintain liberty and equality or die defending it". Held with other "refractory priests"...
Global Information
