Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution information
Anti-Christian policy during the French Revolution
"Dechristianization" redirects here. For other uses, see Dechristianization (disambiguation).
The aim of a number of separate policies conducted by various governments of France during the French Revolution ranged from the appropriation by the government of the great landed estates and the large amounts of money held by the Catholic Church to the termination of Christian religious practice and of the religion itself.[1][2][3] There has been much scholarly debate over whether the movement was popularly motivated or motivated by a small group of revolutionary radicals.[1] These policies, which ended with the Concordat of 1801, formed the basis of the later and less radical laïcité policies.
The French Revolution initially began with attacks on Church corruption and the wealth of the higher clergy, an action with which even many Christians could identify, since the Gallican Church held a dominant role in pre-revolutionary France. During a two-year period known as the Reign of Terror, the episodes of anti-clericalism became some the most violent of any in modern European history. The new revolutionary authorities suppressed the Church, abolished the Catholic monarchy, nationalized Church property, exiled 30,000 priests, and killed hundreds more.[4] In October 1793, the Christian calendar was replaced with one reckoned from the date of the Revolution, and Festivals of Liberty, Reason, and the Supreme Being were scheduled. New forms of moral religion emerged, including the deistic Cult of the Supreme Being and the atheistic Cult of Reason,[5] with the revolutionary government briefly mandating observance of the former in April 1794.[6][7][8][9][10]
^ abTallett 1991, p. 1-17.
^Spielvogel 2006, p. 549.
^Tallett 1991, p. 1.
^Collins, Michael (1999). The Story of Christianity. Mathew A Price. Dorling Kindersley. pp. 176–177. ISBN 978-0-7513-0467-1. At first the new revolutionary government attacked Church corruption and the wealth of the bishops and abbots who ruled the Church -- causes with which many Christians could identify. Clerical privileges were abolished ...
^Kennedy, Emmet (1989). A Cultural History of the French Revolution. Yale University Press. p. 343. ISBN 9780300044263.
^Helmstadter, Richard J. (1997). Freedom and religion in the nineteenth century. Stanford Univ. Press. p. 251. ISBN 9780804730877.
^Heenan, David Kyle. Deism in France 1789-1799. N.p.: U of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953. Print.
^Ross, David A. Being in Time to the Music. N.p.: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2007. Print. "This Cult of Reason or Deism reached its logical conclusion in the French Revolution..."
^Fremont-Barnes, p. 119.
^Tallett, Frank Religion, Society and Politics in France Since 1789 pp. 1-17 1991 Continuum International Publishing
and 23 Related for: Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution information
The Reign of Terror (French: la Terreur) was a period oftheFrenchRevolution when, following the creation ofthe First Republic, a series of massacres...
implemented duringtheFrenchRevolution, and used by theFrench government for about 12 years from late 1793 to 1805, and for 18 days by the Paris Commune...
lost the state religion status it held prior to the 1789 FrenchRevolution and during various non-republican regimes ofthe 19th century, including the Restoration...
Nineteenth-Century France (1993) Dansette. Adrien. Religious History of Modern France (2 vol 1961) Gildea, Robert. Children oftheRevolution: TheFrench, 1799-1914...
in the same way as religious faith communities. 1905 French law on the separation of Church and State DechristianizationofFranceduringtheFrench Revolution...
Massillon. Suppressed at theFrenchRevolution, it was revived by Pierre Pététot, curé of St Roch, in 1852, as the "Oratory of Jesus and Mary Immaculate"...
As the papacy resisted pushes for Gallicanism, theFrenchRevolutionof 1789 shifted power to the state, caused the destruction of churches, the establishment...
Achille Liénart: bishop of Lille (France), the senior French bishop Cardinal Josef Frings: archbishop of Cologne (Germany), the senior German bishop Cardinal...
both to the renewed decay of political and national life in Germany and to the decline ofFrance," with the later whittling down oftheFrench monarchy...
plus the daughter oftheFrench consul and theFrench interpreter, both badly wounded, escaped and took refuge, some by swimming to it, aboard the ship...
Duringthe Second World War, Pope Pius XII maintained links to the German resistance to Nazism against Adolf Hitler's Nazi regime. Although remaining publicly...
The first cards may have been French playing cards, which in the 1700s were blank on one side. In November 1789, duringthedechristianizationof France...
missionaries were expelled. The Dechristianisation ofFranceduringtheFrenchRevolution is a conventional description of a campaign, conducted by various...
by the Tokugawa Shogunate during its persecution of Japanese Christians in the 17th century. Lorenzo Ruiz is the patron saint of, among others, the Philippines...
Calungsod and that duringthe beatification process, they were the initial claimants to having been Calungsod's birthplace. The Calungsods of Iloilo also claim...
Union, Poland, Greece, Yugoslavia, France, the Netherlands, Czechoslovakia, and Norway. The German resistance consisted of small, isolated groups that were...
Eliot Barculo The Nazi revolution, 1933–1935: prelude to calamity:with a background survey ofthe Weimar era, p. 290, 363, Doubleday 1968: The Nazis sought...
Corinthians') is a letter addressed to the Christians in the city of Corinth. The work is attributed to Clement I, the fourth bishop of Rome and almost certainly written...
Global Information