In epidemiology, a rate ratio, sometimes called an incidence density ratio or incidence rate ratio, is a relative difference measure used to compare the incidence rates of events occurring at any given point in time.
It is defined as:
[1]
where incidence rate is the occurrence of an event over person-time (for example person-years):
The same time intervals must be used for both incidence rates.[1]
A common application for this measure in analytic epidemiologic studies is in the search for a causal association between a certain risk factor and an outcome.[2]
^ ab"Rate Ratio". www.ctspedia.org.
^Bellan, Steve. "Study Design and Analysis in Epidemiology: Where does modeling fit?". Retrieved 8 April 2012.
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