Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Chemical compound
Pyrrolizidine is a heterocyclic organic compound. Formally, it is a saturated derivative of pyrrolizine.
Pyrrolizidine forms the central chemical structure of a variety of alkaloids known collectively as pyrrolizidine alkaloids.[1] It is one of five classes of iminosugars. These are often synthesized from a carbohydrate.[2]
^Pyrrolizidine alkaloids at KEGG Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
^Lauritsen, Anne; Madsen, Robert (2006-07-19). "Synthesis of naturally occurring iminosugars from D-fructose by the use of a zinc-mediated fragmentation reaction". Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry. 4 (15): 2898–2905. doi:10.1039/B605818C. ISSN 1477-0539. PMID 16855738.
Pyrrolizidine is a heterocyclic organic compound. Formally, it is a saturated derivative of pyrrolizine. Pyrrolizidine forms the central chemical structure...
Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), sometimes referred to as necine bases, are a group of naturally occurring alkaloids based on the structure of pyrrolizidine...
Mediterranean region. Although the plant contains small amounts of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, some parts are edible and its seeds provide oil. B. officinalis...
It has had uses in traditional medicine, but the discovery of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the plant has resulted in liver health concerns. Tussilago...
States, where it is an invasive weed. Due to a high concentration of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, it is poisonous to grazing livestock, especially those with...
Crotalaria. These plants contain large amounts of toxins, particularly pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which are found in high concentrations in the seeds...
competing with desired forage species. Dog fennel contains liver-damaging pyrrolizidine alkaloids, so livestock are known to eat all the turf around a stand...
Pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis is a disease caused by chronic poisoning found in humans and other animals caused by ingesting poisonous plants which contain...
species are weeds, and many are hepatotoxic if eaten due to abundant pyrrolizidine alkaloids. There have been cases of canine death due to over-ingestion...
including allantoin, mucilage, saponins, tannins, pyrrolizidine alkaloids, and inulin, among others. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids are responsible for comfrey's hepatotoxicity...
toxicity. Comfrey is mildly toxic. Like most Boraginaceae, it contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids which are toxic compounds readily absorbed via the stomach...
the cinnabar moth larvae respond (get excited) specifically to the pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which all Senecio contain. Moths and caterpillars Cinnabar...
not better than placebo when taken orally. Borage oil may contain the pyrrolizidine alkaloid amabiline, which is hepatotoxic leading to a risk of liver...
in order to make namul. Like other Petasites species, fuki contains pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) which have been associated with cumulative damage to...
the plant is toxic to horses and cattle through the accumulation of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in the liver. It is a biennial or monocarpic perennial plant...
late-season nectar for Monarch Butterflies. There is also evidence that pyrrolizidine alkaloids produced by Eupatorium serotinum are beneficial to Monarchs...
of contamination of grain with A. conyzoides. The plant contains the pyrrolizidine alkaloids lycopsamine and echinatine. A. conyzoides is prone to becoming...
which can cause compositae dermatitis. These are different from the pyrrolizidine alkaloids which are responsible for the toxic effects. Honey collected...
worst weeds in the state. Cynoglossum officinale contains tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. It is toxic to cows and is especially dangerous to pasture...
clovers, and maize. The moth does not seem to be affected by any type of pyrrolizidine alkaloid present in many plant families, including the borage, legume...
Pyrrolizidine alkaloid sequestration by insects is a strategy to facilitate defense and mating. Various species of insects have been known to use molecular...
the moth experienced as a caterpillar. If the larval diet contained pyrrolizidine alkaloids, then the coremata become large and the male will release...
kava, though the causal mechanism is unknown, and comfrey, through pyrrolizidine alkaloid content) can also induce hepatotoxicity. Chemicals that cause...
a dietary supplement. Concerns about the potential toxic effects of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in butterbur limit its use in human and animal studies. Butterbur...
epithet amabile means "lovely". Cynoglossum amabile contains tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids such as amabiline. Wikimedia Commons has media related to...
Crassocephalum crepidioides contains the hepatotoxic and tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloid, jacobine. However, in another study, it is shown that the...
over-winters as a hemicryptophyte. Eupatorium cannabinum contains tumorigenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The alkaloids may be present in the plant material as their...
Crotalaria is the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are poisonous to birds and large mammals. The two kinds of pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are found...
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