Purges of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union information
Series of political events
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Mass repression in the Soviet Union
Economic repression
Collectivization
Dekulakization
Soviet famine of 1930–1933
Ukraine
Kazakhstan
Political repression
Red Terror
Purges of the Communist Party
Great Purge
Gulag
Punitive psychiatry
Ideological repression
Religion
1917–1921
1921–1928
1928–1941
1958–1964
1975–1987
Christianity
Islam
Judaism
Legislation
Science
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Images
Art
Ethnic repression
De-Cossackization
National operations
Population transfers
Repressions of Poles
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Purges of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union (Russian: "Чистка партийных рядов", chistka partiynykh ryadov, "cleansing of the party ranks") were Soviet political events, especially during the 1920s,[1] in which periodic reviews of members of the Communist Party were conducted by other members and the security organs to get rid of "undesirables".[2]
Such reviews would start with a short autobiography from the reviewed person and then an interrogation of him or her by the purge commission, as well as by the attending audience. Although many people were victims of the purge throughout this decade, the general Soviet public was not aware of the purge until 1937.[3]
Although the term "purge" is largely associated with Stalinism because the greatest of the purges happened during Stalin's rule, the Bolsheviks carried out their first major purge of the party ranks as early as 1921. Approximately 220,000 members were purged or left the party. The Bolsheviks stated as justification the need to get rid of the members who had joined the party simply to be on the winning side. The major criteria were social origins (members of working classes were normally accepted without question) and contributions to the revolutionary cause.
The first Party purge of the Joseph Stalin era took place in 1929–1930 in accordance with a resolution of the XVI Party Conference.[4] Purges became deadly under Stalin. More than 10 percent of the party members were purged. At the same time, a significant number of new industrial workers joined the Party.
^Fitzpatrick, S. Everyday Stalinism. Oxford University Press. New-York, 1999. page 20. ISBN 0195050010
^Alex Inkeles and Raymond A. Bauer. The Soviet Citizen. Daily Life in a Totalitarian Society. New-York, 1968 (1st published in 1959).
^Siegel, Ada (January 1954). "The Soviet Purge System" (PDF). Challenge. 2: 54–59 JSTOR 40716727
^Gregor, Richard, editor. Resolutions and Decisions of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Volume 2: The Early Soviet Period 1917-1929. University of Toronto Press, 1974. JSTOR 10.3138/j.ctt1vxmdr5
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