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Psilomelane
General
Category
Oxide minerals
Formula (repeating unit)
General formula: Ba(Mn2+)(Mn4+)8O16(OH)4, or as (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10 Barium manganese oxide hydroxide
Crystal system
Monoclinic
Identification
Formula mass
590.03 g/mol
Color
Black with gray pyrolusite bands
Crystal habit
Botryoidal, mammillary, reniform
Cleavage
None
Fracture
Conchoidal and uneven
Mohs scale hardness
5.0 – 6.0
Luster
Sub-metallic, dull
Streak
Brownish black
Diaphaneity
Opaque
Specific gravity
3.7 – 4.7
Polish luster
Vitreous to subadamantine
Solubility
in hydrochloric acid
Other characteristics
Hard black manganese oxides such as hollandite and romanechite
Psilomelane is a group name for hard black manganese oxides including hollandite and romanechite. Psilomelane consists of hydrous manganese oxide with variable amounts of barium and potassium. Psilomelane is erroneously, and uncommonly, known as black hematite, despite not being related to true hematite, which is an iron oxide.
Psilomelane is a group name for hard black manganese oxides including hollandite and romanechite. Psilomelane consists of hydrous manganese oxide with...
formations are not plant fossil remains, but iron and manganese oxides (psilomelane, (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10) that crystallized out of solutions on bedding planes...
of an effort to sort out the manganese oxide minerals referred to as psilomelane. Cryptomelane was identified and defined based on X-ray diffraction studies...
from manganese oxides such as pyrolusite, manganite, and especially psilomelane form at the oxidized portion of manganese-rich mineral deposits. In the...
occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO2), braunite (Mn2+Mn3+6)SiO12), psilomelane (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10, and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (MnCO3). The...
of a different element, magnesium. Other manganese oxides: Birnessite Psilomelane Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical...
about a kilometer. Slime mold Brefeldia maxima growing fractally on wood Psilomelane dendrites in the Solnhofen Limestone Fractals often appear in the realm...
As an ore of manganese it is much less abundant than pyrolusite or psilomelane. Although described with various other names as early as 1772, the name...
Namibia where it is associated with other manganese oxides, pyrolusite and psilomelane and the iron-manganese mineral bixbyite. Wilhelm Haidinger (1827) named...
April 24, 1922. In May 1901, Karl Ferdinand Braun of Strasbourg used psilomelane, a manganese oxide ore, as an R.F. detector: Ferdinand Braun (December...
with the much more widespread pyrolusite. It occurs in mixtures with "psilomelane" (recently renamed to romanechite) and with other manganese oxides in...
petrified wood, carnelian, obsidian, rhyolite, jasper, hyalite opal, and psilomelane, among other semiprecious gemstones. The Virgin Valley Mining District...
in the other. In 1877 and 1878 he reported further experiments with psilomelane, (Ba,H 2O) 2Mn 5O 10. Braun did investigations which ruled out several...
(Nonoalco) the mineralogy is composed of nsutite with small amounts of psilomelane, pyrolusite, cryptomelane and hausmanite. In terms of processing agricultural...
galena whilst blende has provided zinc. Silver, manganese (in the form of psilomelane) and barium are also present. It is probable that copper and gold were...
occurs principally as pyrolusite (MnO2), braunite (Mn2+Mn3+6)(SiO12), psilomelane (Ba,H2O)2Mn5O10, and to a lesser extent as rhodochrosite (MnCO3). The...
Commonly associated minerals are pyrolusite, cryptomelane, manganite, psilomelane, quartz, feldspar and calcite. The manganese ores are interbedded with...
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