Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus information
Former nominally-independent provisional government
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(October 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus
Cenûb-i Garbî Kafkas Hükûmet-i Muvakkate-i Millîyesi Güneybatı Kafkas Geçici Milli Hükûmeti
1918–1919
Flag
Capital
Kars
Common languages
Ottoman Turkish
Government
Republic
President
Historical era
World War I
• Partition
1 December 1918
• British occupation
19 April 1919
Currency
Kuruş Lira
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Caucasus Viceroyalty (1844–1881)
Democratic Republic of Armenia
Democratic Republic of Georgia
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
Turkey
The Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus,[1]Provisional National Government of South West Caucasia (Modern Turkish: Güneybatı Kafkas Geçici Milli Hükûmeti; Ottoman Turkish: Cenub-ı Garbi Kafkas Hükûmet-i Muvakkate-i Milliyesi[2] Azerbaijani: Cənub-Qərbi Qafqaz Cümhuriyyəti[3]) or Kars Republic was a short-lived nominally-independent provisional government based in Kars, northeastern Turkey. Born in the wake of the Armistice of Mudros that ended World War I in the Middle East, it existed from December 1, 1918 until April 19, 1919, when it was abolished by British High Commissioner Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe. Some historians consider it to have been a puppet state of the Ottoman Empire.[citation needed]
The government, headed by Fahrettin Pirioğlu, considered its territory to be the predominantly Muslim-inhabited regions of Kars and Batumi, parts of Yerevan province and the Akhaltsikhe and Akhalkalaki districts of Tiflis province. In practical terms, however, the government was confined to Kars province and existed alongside the British governorship created during the Entente's intervention in the South Caucasus.[4]
^Erik Jan Zürcher, The Unionist factor: the rôle of the Committee of Union and Progress in the Turkish national movement, 1905-1926, Brill, 1984, ISBN 978-90-04-07262-6, p. 90.
^Mustafa Budak, İdealden Gerçeğe: Misâk-ı Millî'den Lozan'a Dış Politika, Küre Yayınları, ISBN 975-6614-05-6, pp. 31-32.
^"Cümhuriyyət dövründə yaranan türk respublikaları". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 4 October 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
^Caucasian Knot Archived 2008-10-22 at the Wayback Machine (Moscow-based news agency)
and 26 Related for: Provisional National Government of the Southwestern Caucasus information
(disambiguation) ProvisionalNationalGovernmentoftheSouthwesternCaucasus, a provisionalgovernment based in Kars, Turkey Transitional NationalGovernment, the Somali...
Baltic Duchy. ProvisionalNationalGovernmentoftheSouthwesternCaucasus and ProvisionalGovernmentof Western Thrace were provisional republics established...
military governor instead established a government, theProvisionalNationalGovernmentoftheSouthwesternCaucasus, led by Fahrettin Pirioglu, that claimed...
Turkey's new national identity as being a post-Ottoman state.[citation needed] See the list of replaced loanwords in Turkish for more examples of Ottoman Turkish...
National Government oftheSouthwesternCaucasus by the Turkish Grand National Assembly (in Turkish) Report ofthe Inter-Allied Commission of Inquiry (May-September...
Milliyesi'ne" [Two Governments One Organisation: From theProvisionalGovernmentof Western Thrace to theProvisionalGovernmentof South-Western Caucasia]...
Turkistan Organization of Turkic States Holt, P.M.; Lambton, Ann K.S.; Lewis, Bernard, eds. (1978). The Cambridge History of Islam. 1A. Cambridge University...
This is a list of sovereign states in the 1910s, giving an overview of states around the world during the period between 1 January 1910 and 31 December...
Mesopotamia, the Armenian highlands, the Levant, the island of Cyprus, the Sinai Peninsula and the South Caucasus. The region is separated from Africa by the Isthmus...
determined the borders ofthe state of Armenia. In April 1915, Russia supported the establishment ofthe Armenian provisionalgovernment under Russian-Armenian...
in the army culminated in the February Revolution, which led to the abdication of Nicholas II, the formation ofthe Russian ProvisionalGovernment, and...
o-SEE-shə), officially the Republic of South Ossetia or the State of Alania, is a partially recognised landlocked state in the South Caucasus. It has an officially...
in Georgia's southwestern region (mkhare) of Samtskhe–Javakheti. It is the administrative center ofthe Akhaltsikhe Municipality and the Samtskhe–Javakheti...
Turkish ProvisionalGovernment in Ankara, which had declared itself the legitimate governmentofthe country on 23 April 1920, started to formalize the legal...
oftheSouthwestern Front in the place of General Aleksei Gutor. His promotion was requested to Kerensky by Boris Savinkov, a ProvisionalGovernment commissar...
overthrew the ProvisionalGovernment and gave full governing power to the soviets, leading to the creation ofthe world's first socialist state. The Russian...
Last Tsar of Russia, titular King of Poland, and Grand Duke of Finland. Georgy Lvov – Prime Minister ofthe Russian ProvisionalGovernment (1917) Alexander...
collaboration with Ankara and Istanbul governments. The Grand National Assembly transitioned from a provisional counsel to being Turkey's primary legislative...
under the assumption that the Bolsheviks were on the cusp of overthrowing the Russian ProvisionalGovernment, but after delegates from Petrograd informed...
), 1917, the Pale was abolished by the Russian ProvisionalGovernment decree, On the abolition of religious and national restrictions. The Second Polish...
behind-the-scenes maneuvers, the soviets seized control ofthegovernment in November 1917 and drove Kerensky and his moderate provisionalgovernment into...
ar-MEE-nee-ə), officially the Republic of Armenia, is a landlocked country in the Armenian Highlands of West Asia. It is a part oftheCaucasus region and is bordered...
established to administer parts ofthe South Caucasus under the control ofthe Russian ProvisionalGovernment. After the October Revolution, on 11 November...
theCaucasus became officially partitioned for the first time between the Safavids and the Ottomans, a status quo that remained until the end ofthe Russo-Turkish...
Global Information
