Project Mogul (sometimes referred to as Operation Mogul) was a top secret project by the US Army Air Forces involving microphones flown on high-altitude balloons, whose primary purpose was long-distance detection of sound waves generated by Soviet atomic bomb tests. The project was carried out from 1947 until early 1949. It was a classified portion of an unclassified project by New York University (NYU) atmospheric researchers.[1] The project was moderately successful, but was very expensive and was superseded by a network of seismic detectors and air sampling for fallout, which were cheaper, more reliable, and easier to deploy and operate.
Project Mogul was conceived by Maurice Ewing who had earlier researched the deep sound channel in the oceans and theorized that a similar sound channel existed in the upper atmosphere: a certain height where the air pressure and temperature result in minimal speed of sound, so that sound waves would propagate and stay in that channel due to refraction. The project involved arrays of balloons carrying disc microphones and radio transmitters to relay the signals to the ground. It was supervised by James Peoples, who was assisted by Albert P. Crary.
One of the requirements of the balloons was that they maintain a relatively constant altitude over a prolonged period of time. Thus instrumentation had to be developed to maintain such constant altitudes, such as pressure sensors controlling the release of ballast.
The early Mogul balloons consisted of large clusters of rubber meteorological balloons, however, these were quickly replaced by enormous balloons made of polyethylene plastic. These were more durable, leaked less helium, and also were better at maintaining a constant altitude than the early rubber balloons. Constant-altitude-control and polyethylene balloons were the two major innovations of Project Mogul.
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ProjectMogul (sometimes referred to as Operation Mogul) was a top secret project by the US Army Air Forces involving microphones flown on high-altitude...
up mogul in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Mogul may refer to: Mughal Empire, or any member of its ruling dynasty Vicar Apostolic of Great Mogul, now...
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being undetectably faint. A similar effect occurs in the atmosphere. ProjectMogul successfully used this effect to detect a nuclear explosion at a considerable...
after his marriage to a Chinggisid princess. The word Mughal (also spelled Mogul or Moghul in English) is the Indo-Persian form of Mongol. The Mughal dynasty...
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material recovered by Marcel was likely debris from ProjectMogul—a "then-sensitive, classified project, whose purpose was to determine the state of Soviet...
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currents by the time delay of sounds between two distant instruments ProjectMogul, based on the conjectured existence of a similar channel in the upper...
was the chief scientist on board the Glomar Challenger. He originated ProjectMogul, an early program to detect Soviet nuclear weapons tests. Ewing suffered...
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detection and surveillance, such as ProjectMogul (linked to the Roswell Incident), Project Genetrix and Project Moby Dick. They also worked on the E77...
development, the United States pressed forward with initial efforts such as ProjectMogul, in which high-altitude observation balloons (analogous to weather balloons...
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