A process hazard analysis (PHA) (or process hazard evaluation) is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative or semi-quantitative assessment of the associated risk. A PHA provides information intended to assist managers and employees in making decisions for improving safety and reducing the consequences of unwanted or unplanned releases of hazardous materials.[1] A PHA is directed toward analyzing potential causes and consequences of fires, explosions, releases of toxic or flammable chemicals and major spills of hazardous chemicals, and it focuses on equipment, instrumentation, utilities, human actions, and external factors that might impact the process. It is one of the elements of OSHA's program for Process Safety Management.
There are several methodologies that can be used to conduct a PHA, including checklists, hazard identification (HAZID) reviews, what-if reviews and SWIFT, hazard and operability studies (HAZOP), failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA), etc. PHA methods are qualitative or, at best, semi-quantitative in nature. A simple element of risk quantification is often introduced in the form of a risk matrix, as in preliminary hazard analysis (PreHA). The selection of the methodology to be used depends on a number of factors, including the complexity of the process, the length of time a process has been in operation and if a PHA has been conducted on the process before, and if the process is unique, or industrially common. Quantitative methods for risk assessment, such as layer-of-protection analysis (LOPA) or fault tree analysis (FTA) may be used after a PHA, if the PHA team could not reach a risk decision for a given scenario.
In the United States, the use of PHAs is mandated as one of the elements of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)' process safety management regulation for the identification of risks involved in the design, operation, and modification of processes that handle highly hazardous chemicals.[1]
^ ab"Code of Federal Regulations, Title 29, Subtitle B, Chapter XVII, Part 1910, Subpart H § 1910.119". eCFR. 2023-06-15. Retrieved 2023-06-20.
and 27 Related for: Process hazard analysis information
A processhazardanalysis (PHA) (or processhazard evaluation) is an exercise for the identification of hazards of a process facility and the qualitative...
A hazardanalysis is one of many methods that may be used to assess risk. At its core, the process entails describing a system object (such as a person...
Hazardanalysis and critical control points, or HACCP (/ˈhæsʌp/), is a systematic preventive approach to food safety from biological, chemical, and physical...
(1992-02-24) its Process Safety Management (PSM) standard in 19 CFR 1910.119. OSHA PSM recognizes FTA as an acceptable method for processhazardanalysis (PHA)....
A hazard and operability study (HAZOP) is a structured and systematic examination of a complex system, usually a process facility, in order to identify...
protection analysis (LOPA) is a technique for evaluating the hazards, risks and layers of protection associated with a system, such as a chemical process plant...
A hazard is a potential source of harm. Substances, events, or circumstances can constitute hazards when their nature would potentially allow them to...
used to describe this procedure are job hazardanalysis (JHA), hazardous task analysis (HTA) and job hazard breakdown. The terms "job" and "task" are...
environment. ProcessHazardAnalysis (PHA) is a set of organized and systematic assessments of the potential hazards for an industrial process used to analyze...
Survival analysis is used in several ways: To describe the survival times of members of a group Life tables Kaplan–Meier curves Survival function Hazard function...
natural polyesters Potentially hazardous asteroid Processhazardanalysis of an industrial process Pseudohypoaldosteronism, a condition that mimics hypoaldosteronism...
flammable gas, liquid or a two-phase mixture. Jet fires are a significant hazard in process and storage plant handling or storing flammable fluids under pressure...
Hierarchy of hazard control is a system used in industry to prioritize possible interventions to minimize or eliminate exposure to hazards. It is a widely...
punishment from reporting incidents or hazards. Processhazardanalysis: the plant hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP) failed to identify the column...
An information hazard, or infohazard, is "a risk that arises from the dissemination of (true) information that may cause harm or enable some agent to cause...
of process safety metrics, safety auditing, etc. Hazard identification, using methods such as audits, checklists, review of MSDS, historical analysis, hazard...
required SIL is determined from a quantitative processhazardanalysis (PHA), such as a Layers of Protection Analysis (LOPA). The SIL requirements are verified...
Proportional hazards models are a class of survival models in statistics. Survival models relate the time that passes, before some event occurs, to one...
they are similar to processhazardanalysis (PHA) or the hazard and operability study (HAZOP) studies that are popular in process safety management, particularly...
Stakeholder outreach Understand hazards and risks Process knowledge and documentation management Hazard identification and risk analysis Manage risk Operating procedures...
Environmental hazards are those hazards that affect biomes or ecosystems. Well known examples include oil spills, water pollution, slash and burn deforestation...
The last 160 pages give an example of the process in action. Some of the methods covered: Functional Hazard Assessment (FHA) Preliminary System Safety...
Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA; often written with "failure modes" in plural) is the process of reviewing as many components, assemblies, and...
analysis, an accelerated failure time model (AFT model) is a parametric model that provides an alternative to the commonly used proportional hazards models...
pressure protection for a pressure vessel failing to complete a processhazardanalysis to address the opening of hot quench water flow into a pressure...
spills. ProcessHazardAnalysis (PHA) is used to assess potential hazards in chemical plants. In 1998, the U. S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation...