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Primary Chronicle
Tale of Bygone Years Povest' vremennykh let[a]
Sheet from Radziwiłł Chronicle
Author(s)
Traditionally thought to have been be Nestor, now considered unknown
Language
Church Slavonic
Date
c. 1113
Manuscript(s)
5 main surviving codices:[1]
Laurentian Codex (1377)[1]
Hypatian Codex (c. 1425)[1]
Radziwiłł Chronicle (c. 1500)[1]
Academic Chronicle (c. 1500)[1]
Khlebnikov Codex (c. 1575)[1]
Period covered
From biblical times to 1117 CE
The Russian Primary Chronicle, commonly shortened to Primary Chronicle[b] (Church Slavonic: Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ, romanized: Pověstĭ vremęnĭnyxŭ lětŭ,[c] commonly transcribed Povest' vremennykh let (PVL),[a] lit.'Tale of Bygone Years'),[6][2] is a chronicle of Kievan Rus' from about 850 to 1110. It is believed to have been originally compiled in or near Kiev in the 1110s. Tradition ascribed its compilation to the monk Nestor beginning in the 17th century,[11] but this is no longer believed to have been the case.
The title of the work, Povest' vremennykh let ("Tale of Bygone Years") comes from the opening sentence of the Laurentian text:[12] "These are the narratives of bygone years regarding the origin of the land of Rus', the first princes of Kiev, and from what source the land of Rus' had its beginning".[13] The work is considered a fundamental source for the earliest history of the East Slavs.[14]
The content of the chronicle is known today from the several surviving versions and codices, revised over the years, slightly varying from one another. Because of several identified chronological issues and numerous logical incongruities pointed out by historians over the years, its reliability as a historical source has been strictly scrutinized by experts in the field. (See § Assessment and critique.)
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^ abcdefgLunt 1994, p. 10.
^ abMartin 2007, p. 97.
^ abcIsoaho 2018, p. 637.
^ abLunt 1988, p. 251.
^Lunt 1995, p. 335.
^ abcDimnik 2004, p. 255.
^ abOstrowski 1981, p. 11.
^ abOstrowski 2018, p. 32.
^Gippius 2014, p. 341.
^Gippius 2014, p. 342.
^Zhukovsky, A. (2001). "Povist' vremennykh lit – The Tale of Bygone Years". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
^Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor 1953, pp. 3–4.
^Cross & Sherbowitz-Wetzor 1953, p. 51.
^Horace G. Lunt (Summer 1988). "On Interpreting the Russian Primary Chronicle: The Year 1037". The Slavic and East European Journal. 32 (2): 251. doi:10.2307/308891. JSTOR 308891. The major source of information about early East Slavic history is Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ (=PVL) Americans usually know it as the Russian Primary Chronicle, for that is the title Samuel Hazzard Cross gave to his 1930 translation into English."
chronology. PrimaryChronicle entry for 968 Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor, PrimaryChronicle, p. 84. Cross and Sherbowitz-Wetzor, PrimaryChronicle, p. 84....
- Japan Nuova Cronica – Florence Nuremberg Chronicle Paschale Chronicle – Mediterranean PrimaryChronicle – Eastern Europe Puranas – India Rajatarangini...
and laid the foundations of the Kievan Rus' state. According to the PrimaryChronicle, he succeeded his "kinsman" Rurik as ruler of Novgorod, and subdued...
could be as early as 890 AD and as late as 925 AD. According to the PrimaryChronicle, Olga was of Varangian (Viking) origin and was born in Pleskov. Little...
infant. According to the PrimaryChronicle, Rurik was succeeded by Oleg, who ruled as regent and was described by the chronicler as being "of his kin"....
tradition, was invited to reign in Novgorod in the year 862. The PrimaryChronicle states that Rurik was succeeded by his kinsman Oleg who was regent...
goddesses. The gods of the Slavs are known primarily from a small number of chronicles and letopises, or not very accurate Christian sermons against paganism...
Norse; died in 882), mentioned in both the PrimaryChronicle, the Novgorod First Chronicle, and the Nikon Chronicle, were the earliest known rulers of Kiev...
which later also included Anglo-Saxons. According to the 12th-century PrimaryChronicle, a group of Varangians known as the Rus' settled in Novgorod in 862...
by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.[citation needed] Rus' chronicles such as the PrimaryChronicle are inconsistent in applying the title "grand prince" to...
and attributed to Jacob the Monk and to Nestor the Chronicler. With the so-called PrimaryChronicle, also attributed to Nestor, begins the long series...
attributed to him the PrimaryChronicle (PVL), the most revered chronicle of Kievan Rus', which earned him the nickname "the Chronicler". But several modern...
Textual criticism or textology of the PrimaryChronicle or Tale of Bygone Years (Old East Slavic: Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ, romanized: Pověstĭ vremęnĭnyxŭ...
Kievan Rus' which differs from the PrimaryChronicle. The later editions of the chronicle reflect the lost Primary Kievan Code (Russian: Нача́льный Ки́евский...
historian Saxo Grammaticus – and few mentions in the PrimaryChronicle compiled in Kievan Rus', the Chronicle of Henry is the oldest known written document about...
Kievan Chronicle or Kyivan Chronicle is a chronicle of Kievan Rus'. It was written around 1200 in Vydubychi Monastery as a continuation of the Primary Chronicle...
Lyubech—writes that his baptismal name was Nicholas. The Russian PrimaryChronicle writes that Sviatoslav was staying "at Vladimir" in Volhynia around...
agree that the Pechenegs belonged to the Turkic peoples. The Russian PrimaryChronicle stated that the "Torkmens, Pechenegs, Torks, and Polovcians" descended...
about Slavic religion include the PrimaryChronicle, compiled in Kiev around 1111, and the Novgorod First Chronicle compiled in the Novgorod Republic...
pronounced [ˈkʲi(j)ɪf] The traditional etymology, stemming from the PrimaryChronicle, is that the name is a derivation of Kyi (Ukrainian: Кий, Russian:...
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