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Positional voting is a ranked voting electoral system in which the options or candidates receive points based on their rank position on each ballot and the one with the most points overall wins.[1] The lower-ranked preference in any adjacent pair is generally of less value than the higher-ranked one. Although it may sometimes be weighted the same, it is never worth more. A valid progression of points or weightings may be chosen at will (Eurovision Song Contest) or it may form a mathematical sequence such as an arithmetic progression (Borda count), a geometric one (positional number system) or a harmonic one (Nauru/Dowdall method). The set of weightings employed in an election heavily influences the rank ordering of the candidates. The steeper the initial decline in preference values with descending rank, the more polarised and less consensual the positional voting system becomes.
Positional voting should be distinguished from score voting: in the former, the score that each voter gives to each candidate is uniquely determined by the candidate's rank; in the latter, the each voter is free to give any score to any candidate.
^Saari, Donald G. (1995). Basic Geometry of Voting. Springer-Verlag. pp. 101–103. ISBN 3-540-60064-7.
Positionalvoting is a ranked voting electoral system in which the options or candidates receive points based on their rank position on each ballot and...
The Borda count is a family of positionalvoting rules which gives each candidate, for each ballot, a number of points corresponding to the number of...
first-past-the-post (FPTP), instant-runoff voting (IRV), block voting, and ranked-vote block voting – one party or voting bloc can take all the seats in a district...
The term ranked voting, also known as preferential voting or ranked-choice voting, pertains to any voting system where voters indicate a rank to order...
where each voter casts just one vote in a multi-seat district is known as single non-transferable voting. Plurality voting is widely used throughout the...
voting Coombs' rule Bucklin voting (and the closely related median voting) All kinds of positionalvoting, including: Borda count Choose-one voting The...
pairs, Schulze), the Coombs' method and positionalvoting. There are also several variants of single transferable vote, including CPO-STV, Schulze STV and...
voters to study and vote on a public policy, while Deliberative opinion polling invites a random sample to deliberate together before voting on a policy. Andranik...
Proxy voting is a form of voting whereby a member of a decision-making body may delegate their voting power to a representative, to enable a vote in absence...
voting systems require different levels of support to be elected. Plurality voting (First-past-the-post voting) elects the candidate with more votes than...
Score voting, sometimes called range voting, is an electoral system for single-seat elections. Voters give each candidate a numerical score, and the candidate...
score runoff voting (SRV). The runoff step was introduced in order to reduce strategic incentives in ordinary score voting, such as bullet voting and tactical...
derivative of the log-likelihood function with respect to the parameter In positionalvoting, a function mapping the rank of a candidate to the number of points...
Plurality block voting is a non-proportional voting system for electing representatives in multi-winner elections. Each voter may cast as many votes as the number...
Parallel voting is a type of mixed electoral system in which representatives are voted into a single chamber using two or more different systems, most...
single transferable vote (STV), also called ranked choice voting, is a ranked system: voters rank candidates in order of preference. Voting districts usually...
The winner of the Eurovision Song Contest is selected by a positionalvoting system. The most recent system was implemented in the 2023 contest. Each...
Some paper-based voting systems and most DRE voting machines can notify voters of under-votes and over-votes. The Help America Vote Act requires that...
Cumulative voting (also accumulation voting, weighted voting or multi-voting) is a multiple-winner method intended to promote more proportional representation...
cumulative (more than one vote for one candidate possible) ranked (ordinal voting) score (cardinal voting) Number of votes/voter Number of tiers: number...
The alternative vote plus (AV+), or alternative vote top-up, is a semi-proportional voting system. AV+ was devised by the 1998 Jenkins Commission which...
Weighted voting refers to voting rules that grant some voters a greater influence than others (which contrasts with rules that assign every voter an equal...
ballot is a device used to cast votes in an election and may be found as a piece of paper or a small ball used in voting. It was originally a small ball...
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