Overview of the relationship between Pope Pius XI and Germany
Pope Pius XI
During the pontificate of Pope Pius XI (1922–1939), the Weimar Republic transitioned into Nazi Germany. In 1933, the ailing President von Hindenburg appointed Adolf Hitler as Chancellor of Germany in a Coalition Cabinet, and the Holy See concluded the Reich concordat treaty with the still nominally functioning Weimar state later that year. Hoping to secure the rights of the Church in Germany, the Church agreed to a requirement that clergy cease to participate in politics. The Hitler regime routinely violated the treaty, and launched a persecution of the Catholic Church in Germany.
Claiming jurisdiction over all collective and social activity, the Nazis interfered with Catholic schooling, youth groups, workers' clubs and cultural societies, and human rights abuses increased as the Nazis consolidated their power. In 1937, Pius XI issued the Mit brennender Sorge encyclical which denounced the regime's breaches of the Concordat, along with the racial and nationalist idolatry which underpinned Nazi ideology. Pius accused the Nazi Government of sowing "fundamental hostility to Christ and His Church", and noted on the horizon the "threatening storm clouds" of religious wars of extermination over Germany. Following the 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom, Pius joined Western leaders in condemning the pogrom, and antisemitism, sparking protest from the Nazis. Pius XI died in 1939, on the eve of World War II, and was succeeded by his Cardinal Secretary of State, Eugenio Pacelli, who took the name Pius XII, and was to govern the Church through the war, the Holocaust, and the remainder of the Nazi period.
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During the pontificate of PopePiusXI (1922–1939), the Weimar Republic transitioned into Nazi Germany. In 1933, the ailing President von Hindenburg appointed...
time when Nazi Germany was rising. Certain favourable opinions of PiusXI were subsequently used to attack the perceived silence of PopePius XII. The Clerical...
by PopePiusXI, and within a few months, on 7 February 1930, PiusXI appointed him Cardinal Secretary of State, responsible for foreign policy and state...
Hitler's Germany. Before becoming pope, Cardinal Pacelli served as a Vatican diplomat in Germanyand as Vatican Secretary of State under PiusXI. His role...
of PopePiusXI. PiusXI issued 31 papal encyclicals during his reign as popeand was considering one at his death. At the time of his death, PiusXI was...
The relationship between PopePiusXIand Poland is often considered to have been good, as Church life in Poland flourished during his pontificate. Achille...
PopePius II (Latin: Pius PP. II, Italian: Pio II), born Enea Silvio Bartolomeo Piccolomini (Latin: Aeneas Silvius Bartholomeus; 18 October 1405 – 14...
The Popeand Mussolini: The Secret History of PiusXIand the Rise of Fascism in Europe is a 2014 biography of PopePiusXI about his relations with Benito...
relations between PopePiusXIand Spain were very tense, especially because they occurred within the context of the Spanish Civil War and the period of troubles...
Pope Innocent XI (Latin: Innocentius XI; Italian: Innocenzo XI; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, was head of the Catholic Church...
PopePius V, OP (Italian: Pio V; 17 January 1504 – 1 May 1572), born Antonio Ghislieri (from 1518 called Michele Ghislieri), was head of the Catholic...
Catholics PopesPiusXI (1922–1939) andPius XII (1939–1958) led the Catholic Church during the rise and fall of Nazi Germany. Around a third of Germans were...
PopePius X (Italian: Pio X; born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto; 2 June 1835 – 20 August 1914) was head of the Catholic Church from 4 August 1903 to his death...
V, Pope John XXII, Pope Benedict XII, Pope Clement VI, Pope Innocent VI, Pope Urban V, andPope Gregory XI) 6 from Germany (Pope Gregory V, Pope Clement...
mo ˈan.no]) (Latin for "In the 40th Year") is an encyclical issued by PopePiusXI on 15 May 1931, 40 years after Leo XIII's encyclical Rerum novarum, further...
The Pius War (or Pius Wars) refer to debates over the legacy of PopePius XII and his actions during the Holocaust. The phrase was first coined in a 2004...
anti-communist encyclical issued by PopePiusXI. It was published on 19 March 1937. In this encyclical, the pope sets out to "expose once more in a brief...
recently deceased Pius IX. Giacomo della Chiesa (elected as Benedict XV in 1914) Eugenio Pacelli (elected as Pius XII in 1939). PopePiusXI prior to his death...
This is a list of encyclicals of PopePius XII. Pius XII promulgated 41 papal encyclicals, during his reign as pope for over 19 years, from his election...
pronouncements. From the outset, PopePiusXI, had ordered the Papal Nuncio in Berlin, Cesare Orsenigo, to "look into whether and how it may be possible to become...
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Jewish war criminals Germany Eugenio Pacelli (later PopePius XII) served as PiusXI's diplomatic representative in Germany (1917–1929) and then as Vatican...
PopesPiusXIandPius XII preached against racism and war in encyclicals such as Mit brennender Sorge (1937) and Summi Pontificatus (1939). PiusXI condemned...
the Pope's authority... and [each German ruler], however strongly opposed to Rome, had to take account of this..." PopePius XII succeeded PiusXI in March...
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