Global InformationPlanctomycetota information
| Planctomycetota | |
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| Brocadia anammoxidans | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Superphylum: | PVC superphylum |
| Phylum: | Planctomycetota Garrity and Holt 2021[1] |
| Classes and orders[2][3] | |
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| Synonyms | |
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The Planctomycetota are a phylum of widely distributed bacteria, occurring in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats.[5] They play a considerable role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles, with many species of this phylum capable of anaerobic ammonium oxidation, also known as anammox.[5][6] Many Planctomycetota occur in relatively high abundance as biofilms,[7] often associating with other organisms such as macroalgae and marine sponges.[8]
Planctomycetota are included in the PVC superphylum along with Verrucomicrobiota, Chlamydiota, Lentisphaerota, Kiritimatiellaeota, and Candidatus Omnitrophica.[9][10] The phylum Planctomycetota is composed of the classes Planctomycetia and Phycisphaerae. First described in 1924, members of the Planctomycetota were identified as eukaryotes and were only later described as bacteria in 1972.[5] Early examination of members of the Planctomycetota suggested a cell plan differing considerably from other bacteria, although they are now confirmed as Gram-negative bacteria, but with many unique characteristics.
Bacteria in the Planctomycetota are often small, spherical cells, but a large amount of morphological variation is seen.[11] Members of the Planctomycetota also display distinct reproductive habits, with many species dividing by budding, in contrast to all other free-living bacteria, which divide by binary fission.[5][12][13]
Interest is growing in the Planctomycetota regarding biotechnology and human applications, mainly as a source of bioactive molecules.[14] In addition, some Planctomycetota were recently described as human pathogens.[8]
The species Gemmata obscuriglobus has been identified specifically as comprising bacteria with unique characteristics among the Planctomycetota,[15][16] such as their ability to synthesize sterols.[5][17][15]
- ^ Oren A, Garrity GM (2021). "Valid publication of the names of forty-two phyla of prokaryotes". Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 71 (10): 5056. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005056. PMID 34694987. S2CID 239887308.
- ^ Euzéby JP, Parte AC. ""Planctomycetes"". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). Retrieved August 26, 2021.
- ^ Sayers; et al. "Planctomycetes". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database. Retrieved 2016-03-20.
- ^ Garrity GM, Holt JG. (2001). "The Road Map to the Manual". In Boone DR, Castenholz RW, Garrity GM. (eds.). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. Vol. 1 (The Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic Bacteria) (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer-Verlag. pp. 119–166.
- ^ a b c d e Wiegand S, Jogler M, Jogler C (November 2018). "On the maverick Planctomycetes". FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 42 (6): 739–760. doi:10.1093/femsre/fuy029. PMID 30052954.
- ^ Glöckner FO, Kube M, Bauer M, Teeling H, Lombardot T, Ludwig W, et al. (July 2003). "Complete genome sequence of the marine planctomycete Pirellula sp. strain 1". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 100 (14): 8298–303. Bibcode:2003PNAS..100.8298G. doi:10.1073/pnas.1431443100. PMC 166223. PMID 12835416.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:15was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Kaboré OD, Godreuil S, Drancourt M (2020). "Planctomycetes as Host-Associated Bacteria: A Perspective That Holds Promise for Their Future Isolations, by Mimicking Their Native Environmental Niches in Clinical Microbiology Laboratories". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 10: 519301. doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.519301. PMC 7734314. PMID 33330115.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:18was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Kohn, Timo; Rast, Patrick; Kallscheuer, Nicolai; Wiegand, Sandra; Boedeker, Christian; Jetten, Mike S. M.; Jeske, Olga; Vollmers, John; Kaster, Anne-Kristin; Rohde, Manfred; Jogler, Mareike (2020). "The Microbiome of Posidonia oceanica Seagrass Leaves Can Be Dominated by Planctomycetes". Frontiers in Microbiology. 11: 1458. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2020.01458. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 7366357. PMID 32754127.
- ^ Lage OM, Bondoso J, Lobo-da-Cunha A (October 2013). "Insights into the ultrastructural morphology of novel Planctomycetes". Antonie van Leeuwenhoek. 104 (4): 467–76. doi:10.1007/s10482-013-9969-2. PMID 23857394. S2CID 17003623.
- ^ Kumar D, Kumar G, Jagadeeshwari U, Sasikala C, Ramana CV (April 2021). ""Candidatus Laterigemmans baculatus" gen. nov. sp. nov., the first representative of rod shaped planctomycetes with lateral budding in the family Pirellulaceae". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 44 (2): 126188. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2021.126188. PMID 33647766. S2CID 232091472.
- ^ Wiegand S, Jogler M, Boedeker C, Pinto D, Vollmers J, Rivas-Marín E, et al. (January 2020). "Cultivation and functional characterization of 79 planctomycetes uncovers their unique biology". Nature Microbiology. 5 (1): 126–140. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0588-1. PMC 7286433. PMID 31740763.
- ^ Graça AP, Calisto R, Lage OM (2016). "Planctomycetes as Novel Source of Bioactive Molecules". Frontiers in Microbiology. 7: 1241. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01241. PMC 4982196. PMID 27570520.
- ^ a b Rivas-Marin E, Peeters SH, Claret Fernández L, Jogler C, van Niftrik L, Wiegand S, Devos DP (January 2020). "Non-essentiality of canonical cell division genes in the planctomycete Planctopirus limnophila". Scientific Reports. 10 (1): 66. Bibcode:2020NatSR..10...66R. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-56978-8. PMC 6952346. PMID 31919386.
- ^ Santarella-Mellwig R, Pruggnaller S, Roos N, Mattaj IW, Devos DP (2013-05-21). "Three-dimensional reconstruction of bacteria with a complex endomembrane system". PLOS Biology. 11 (5): e1001565. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001565. PMC 3660258. PMID 23700385.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:26was invoked but never defined (see the help page).